Gravel sources of knappable alibates silicified dolomite

Wyckoff, Don G.

doi:10.1002/gea.3340080104

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Other studies take into consideration only the primary lithic source of specific materials and do not address the distribution of these materials in secondary deposits. This oversight has obvious implications, as has been pointed out by previous investigations (e.g., Shackley, 1992;Watrall, 1976;Wyckoff, 1993; and most recently, Reid, 1997). The information contained in this article is intended to provide a preliminary baseline against which the archaeological record can be compared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distribution and sources of obsidian in the Rio Grande gravels of New Mexico

Church¹

2000

Geoarchaeology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distribution and sources of obsidian in the Rio Grande gravels of New Mexico

Church¹

2000

Geoarchaeology

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“…Alibates chert, for example, may have been heat treated to enhance its vivid colors, such as bands of pink, maroon, red, and orange. It was widely traded throughout the Southeast, and a unique appearance could have contributed to its appeal (Domanski and Webb 2007; Joyce, 1985; Wyckoff, 1993). Perhaps, a visual difference in the stone, or a more vivid color, was equally important to any quantifiable improvement in stone quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat treatment of Pennsylvania jasper

Dillian

2016

North American Archaeologist

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Heat treatment of silicate toolstone was performed prehistorically, which we assume was to improve characteristics desired in flintknapping, such as increased brittleness and more predictable and controlled conchoidal fracture. However, despite research into heat treatment spanning 50 years, the mechanisms by which stone was improved, and the reasons why people did it, remain unclear. In this study, experiments were designed to test two potential outcomes of heat treatment for Pennsylvania jasper. First, does heating reduce the disruptive effect of macroscopic impurities and flaws on controlled flaking? Second, does heating increase the stone’s brittleness as suggested by Crabtree and Butler in 1964? Such physical alterations would improve the quality of lithic material but may not always occur in high quality stone. The results of these experiments are used to hypothesize the expected heat treatment outcomes sought after by prehistoric flintknappers.

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“…In between primary sources, alluvial gravels served as an important source of lithic material on the landscape (Shelley, 1993;Wyckoff, 1993). In contrast to primary source locations, gravels often contained an assortment of rock types from which hunter-gatherers selected to manufacture stone tools based on their needs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lithology of Ogallala gravels and hunter‐gatherer procurement strategies along the Southern High Plains eastern escarpment of Texas, USA

et al. 2009

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Ogallala gravels are an important lithic material source for stone tool manufacture across the Great Plains. The lithology of eight gravel sample locations along the eastern escarpment of the Southern High Plains has been examined to quantify the composition and variability in Ogallala deposits. In addition, three Ogallala gravel quarry sites have been analyzed to determine how the lithology of Ogallala gravels influenced procurement and tool production strategies. Results indicate deposits of Ogallala gravels differ in their composition related to their position on the landscape, and the types of rocks vary by size and shape. Investigation of the quarry sites has revealed that the lithology of Ogallala gravels had an impact on testing and the initial stages of lithic reduction. Different rock types, however, may have more of an influence on later stages of tool manufacture at nearby campsites and other locations where Ogallala gravels are not as dense.

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Gravel sources of knappable alibates silicified dolomite

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Distribution and sources of obsidian in the Rio Grande gravels of New Mexico

Distribution and sources of obsidian in the Rio Grande gravels of New Mexico

Heat treatment of Pennsylvania jasper

The lithology of Ogallala gravels and hunter‐gatherer procurement strategies along the Southern High Plains eastern escarpment of Texas, USA

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