Gratitude influences sleep through the mechanism of pre-sleep cognitions

Wood, Alex M.; Joseph, Stephen; Lloyd, Joanna; Atkins, Samuel

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.09.002

Cited by 168 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These findings are suggestive of the ways in which affective approaches may complement cognitive conceptualizations of insomnia: If affective factors contribute to insomnia over and above the influence of well-established cognitive factors, their identification will not only expand our theoretical knowledge, but also spur the development of new intervention and prevention techniques. For example, new techniques might foster affect anticipation to avoid a buildup of negative emotions in the course of the day or they might promote positive emotions such as gratitude at the end of the day [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, the importance of investigating affective processes in insomnia has been recognized [7] and a corresponding research agenda has been formulated [8]. The relevance of an affective approach to insomnia may be illustrated by a pioneering study revealing that gratitude, as assessed by the questionnaire GQ-6 [9], predicted shorter sleep onset latency, longer sleep duration as well as greater subjective sleep quality, and that the effect of gratitude on sleep was mediated by more positive and fewer negative pre-sleep cognitions [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Nocturnal Return of Neglected Regrets: Deficits in Regret Anticipation Predict Insomnia Symptoms

Schmidt¹,

Linden²

2011

TOOSLPJ

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Abstract:Cognitive accounts of insomnia generally assume that excessive mental activity at bedtime constitutes a central impediment to the process of falling asleep, yet the affective aspects of this mental hyperactivity still remain largely unexplored. The present study explored whether failures in regret anticipation might lead to a rise of regret-related counterfactual thoughts and emotions at bedtime, thereby hindering or interrupting sleep. A sample of 105 undergraduate students completed the newly developed Regret Anticipation Failures Scale (RAFS), the Bedtime Counterfactual Processing Questionnaire (BCPQ), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Analyses revealed that both regret anticipation failures and bedtime counterfactual processing were related to insomnia severity and that the effect of regret anticipation failures on insomnia was mediated by the frequency of regret-related thoughts and emotions at bedtime. These findings reveal for the first time that failures in antecedent-focused emotion regulation may contribute to sleeping difficulties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nocturnal Return of Neglected Regrets: Deficits in Regret Anticipation Predict Insomnia Symptoms

Schmidt¹,

Linden²

2011

TOOSLPJ

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“…It perhaps should be noted that the mean sleep quality score in our sample reached the clinical cut-off for a sleep disorder as identified by the PSQI (>5). However, other studies have found scores in this region in a number of communitybased samples [for example, see Buysse et al, 2008;Stein et al, 2008;Wood et al, 2009]). In the anxiety and depression literature, a number of articles report an association with the ''long'' allele and psychopathology [Gillespie et al, 2005;Chipman et al, 2007;Chorbov et al, 2007;Laucht et al, 2009], despite the more commonly held view that the ''short'' allele confers greater risk [for example, Caspi et al, 2003].…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Sleep quality and diurnal preference in a sample of young adults: Associations with 5HTTLPR, PER3, and CLOCK 3111

Barclay¹,

Eley²,

Mill³

et al. 2011

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

101

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Research investigating associations between specific genes and individual differences with regards to the quality and timing of sleep has primarily focussed on serotonin-related and clock genes. However, there are only a few studies of this type and most of those to date have not considered the possibility of gene-environment interaction. Here, we describe associations between sleep quality and diurnal preference and three functional polymorphisms: 5HTTLPR, PERIOD3, and CLOCK 3111. Furthermore, we assessed whether associations between genotypes and sleep phenotypes were moderated by negative life events-a test of gene-environment interaction. DNA from buccal swabs was collected from 947 individuals [mean age = 20.3 years (SD = 1.77), age range = 18-27 years; 61.8% female] and genotyped for the three polymorphisms. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. There was a significant main effect of 5HTTLPR on sleep quality, indicating that "long-long" homozygotes experienced significantly poorer sleep quality (mean = 6.35, SD = 3.36) than carriers of at least one "short" allele (mean = 5.67, SD = 2.96; β = -0.34, P = 0.005). There were no main effects of 5HTTLPR on diurnal preference; no main effects of PERIOD3 or CLOCK on sleep quality or diurnal preference; and no significant interactions with negative life events. The main effect of the "long" 5HTTLPR allele contradicts previous research, suggesting that perhaps the effects of this gene are heterogeneous in different populations. Failure to replicate previous research in relation to PERIOD3 and CLOCK concurs with previous research suggesting that the effects of these genes are small and may be related to population composition.

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“…Gratitude relates to more positive coping strategies (broadly characterisable as more approach and less avoidance coping, combined with greater use of social support (Wood, Joseph, & Maltby, 2009), which partially mediate the relationship between gratitude and (lower) stress. During a life transition, gratitude is related to the development of less depression (Wood, Maltby, Gillett, Linley, & Joseph, 2008), and gratitude relates to less clinically impaired sleep (in both cases beyond neuroticism) (Wood, Joseph, Lloyd, & Atkins, 2009). Finally, whilst gratitude in part arises from prior distributions of rewards (Wood, Brown, & Maltby, 2011), low levels of gratitude are associated with negative schematic processing of social events (seeing aid as less valuable, less costly to the benefactor, and intended with ulterior motives; Wood, Maltby, Stewart, Linley, & Joseph, 2008).…”

Section: Symptoms Of Psychological Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Positive and Clinical Psychology: Viewing Human Functioning as Continua from Positive to Negative Can Benefit Clinical Assessment, Interventions and Understandings of Resilience

Johnson

Wood

2015

Cogn Ther Res

Self Cite

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In this review we argue in favour of further integration between the disciplines of positive and clinical psychology. We argue that most of the constructs studied by both positive and clinical psychology exist on continua ranging from positive to negative (e.g., gratitude to ingratitude, anxiety to calmness) and so it is meaningless to speak of one or other field studying the "positive" or the "negative". However, we highlight historical and cultural factors which have led positive and clinical psychologies to focus on different constructs; thus the difference between the fields is more due to the constructs of study rather than their being inherently "positive" or "negative". We argue that there is much benefit to clinical psychology of considering positive psychology constructs because; (a) constructs studied by positive psychology researchers can independently predict wellbeing when accounting for traditional clinical factors, both cross-sectionally and prospectively, (2) the constructs studied by positive psychologists can interact with risk factors to predict outcomes, thereby conferring resilience, (3) interventions that aim to increase movement towards the positive pole of well-being can be used encourage movement away from the negative pole, either in However, despite a clear alliance in these aims, there has been minimal work focused on integrating findings from these two literatures. In the present article, we argue that the large body of research conducted by positive psychological researchers represents an untapped resource for clinical psychologists, which could support clinical assessment and interventions with individuals with diagnosable disorders in practice.

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Gratitude influences sleep through the mechanism of pre-sleep cognitions

Cited by 168 publications

References 46 publications

The Nocturnal Return of Neglected Regrets: Deficits in Regret Anticipation Predict Insomnia Symptoms

The Nocturnal Return of Neglected Regrets: Deficits in Regret Anticipation Predict Insomnia Symptoms

Sleep quality and diurnal preference in a sample of young adults: Associations with 5HTTLPR, PER3, and CLOCK 3111

Integrating Positive and Clinical Psychology: Viewing Human Functioning as Continua from Positive to Negative Can Benefit Clinical Assessment, Interventions and Understandings of Resilience

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