Grassroots resistance and activism to one-size-fits-all and separate-but-equal policies by 90:10 dual language schools en comunidades latinas

Freire, Juan A.; Delavan, M. Garrett; Valdez, Verónica E.

doi:10.1080/13670050.2021.1874868

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Sometimes, the intention of the policy creators is open to different interpretations, leading to different practices by the agents impacted by the language policy [see Chang-Bacon (2022), for instance, who reported teachers' different interpretations of language policy in the US]. A top-down language policy may also be resisted by some agents, such as teachers or school principals, leading to either the creation of a new language policy at the classroom or institutional level or appropriating the top-down language policy (Freire, Delavan, & Valdez, 2021).…”

Section: Language Policy Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Elephant in the Room: Is a Nationwide English Language Policy Needed in EFL Contexts? A Study on English Departments in Saudi Arabian Universities

Alnasser

Almoaily

2022

WJEL

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Both English and Arabic are used in Saudi higher education institutions. Research on English language policies (ELPs) in the Saudi context is limited, highlighting the need for further examination of their implementation and nature. This study investigates the need to introduce a top-down ELP in the Saudi higher education context and the best way to apply this policy from the perspectives of instructors and administrators. A mixed-method approach to data collection was employed: official documentation was analyzed and an online survey, with an open-ended section for faculty members affiliated with Saudi higher education English departments across the country (n=210), was employed. Thereafter, semi-structured interviews were conducted with chairpersons and vice-chairs of university English departments (n=8). The findings suggest that although the majority of English departments recognize the importance of using ELPs, they have either not introduced them or have practiced them implicitly, with a high degree of flexibility that has led to these policies playing a marginal role in academia. The study concludes by encouraging policymakers to design a unified framework for ELPs with the involvement of representatives from university English departments. Other implications are also discussed.

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Section: Language Policy Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Elephant in the Room: Is a Nationwide English Language Policy Needed in EFL Contexts? A Study on English Departments in Saudi Arabian Universities

Alnasser

Almoaily

2022

WJEL

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“…Another case is documented in the U.S. State of Utah, where two dual language bilingual schools resisted the pressure of the state to adopt the fiftyfication policy-equal ratio of time allocation for English and the minority language-in their curricula. Instead, the schools engaged in micro-LP to reclaim the legitimacy of the 90: 10 dual language bilingual policy, primarily through utilizing research evidence and securing alternatives to education resources denied to them by the state authorities [8]. In reality, such grassroot resistance to the macro-LP is not uncommon.…”

Section: Micro Lp In Schoolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this notion having contributed to a large volume of earlier language policy and planning (LPP) studies, it was challenged by Kaplan and Baldauf [2], who claimed that LP could occur on other societal levels, e.g., the meso-and micro-level. Since then, there has been an increasing amount of research investigating micro-level contexts, such as family [3,4], speech communities [5,6], and educational settings [7,8], as the sites for LP [see 9 for a review]. Nevertheless, as Liddicoat [10] highlighted, although local actors assume agency in creating micro language policies, the consideration of their agency in the LPP research comes fairly recently and remains scarce in number.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro Language Planning for Sustainable Early English Language Education: A Case Study on Chinese Educators' Agency

Liang¹,

Li²,

Chik³

2022

Preprint

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Micro-level language policy and planning (LPP) primarily concerns local actors' decision-making on matters in relation to language(s) and its users. Despite a growing body of literature focusing on micro language planning in educational settings, there is a scarcity of research examining early childhood education settings such as micro-level LPP context for young English language learners. By adopting a case study approach, the present study examined the educators' enactment of agency in micro-planning the English language education policy (LEP) in one Chinese kindergarten and the associated factors shaping their agency. Our study revealed that the sustainable implementation of the kindergarten English LEP depended on the principal, native English-speaking teachers, and the Chinese assistant teachers' different degrees of agency. Also, the research findings indicated an array of contextual and individual factors nested in a hierarchical structure that facilitated, guided, and constrained the educators' agency in a role-and circumstance-dependent manner. This study contributes to the pertinent literature by casting nuanced light on the different educators' contributions to the micro-level LPP against a national policy that does not endorse early-year English language education.

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The fiftyfication of dual language education: one-size-fits-all language allocation’s “equality” and “practicality” eclipsing a history of equity

Freire

Delavan

2021

Lang Policy

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Grassroots resistance and activism to one-size-fits-all and separate-but-equal policies by 90:10 dual language schools en comunidades latinas

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

The Elephant in the Room: Is a Nationwide English Language Policy Needed in EFL Contexts? A Study on English Departments in Saudi Arabian Universities

The Elephant in the Room: Is a Nationwide English Language Policy Needed in EFL Contexts? A Study on English Departments in Saudi Arabian Universities

Micro Language Planning for Sustainable Early English Language Education: A Case Study on Chinese Educators' Agency

The fiftyfication of dual language education: one-size-fits-all language allocation’s “equality” and “practicality” eclipsing a history of equity

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