Grassland Soil Microbial Biomass and Accumulation of Potentially Toxic Metals from Long-Term Slurry Application

Christie, Peter; Beattie, J.A.M.

doi:10.2307/2404085

Cited by 60 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Christie and Beattie (1989) showed an increase in the soil microbial biomass with increasing slurry application rates after 17 years at the current study site. Here we showed that a shift in mineralization toward labile organic-N occurred which was stimulated by increasing slurry additions (Fig.…”

Section: Long-term Effect Of Fertilizer and Slurry Applications On N mentioning

confidence: 62%

Effects of repeated fertilizer and cattle slurry applications over 38 years on N dynamics in a temperate grassland soil

Müller

Laughlin²,

Christie³

et al. 2011

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

116

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The effects of repeated synthetic fertilizer or cattle slurry applications at annual rates of 50, 100 or 200 m 3 ha À1 yr À1 over a 38 year period were investigated with respect to herbage yield, N uptake and gross soil N dynamics at a permanent grassland site. While synthetic fertilizer had a sustained and constant effect on herbage yield and N uptake, increasing cattle slurry application rates increased the herbage yield and N uptake linearly over the entire observation period. Cattle slurry applications, two and four times the recommended rate (50 m 3 ha À1 yr À1 , 170 kg N ha À1 ), increased N uptake by 46 and 78%, respectively after 38 years. To explain the long-term effect, a 15 N tracing study was carried out to identify the potential change in N dynamics under the various treatments. The analysis model evaluated process-specific rates, such as mineralization, from two organic-N pools, as well as nitrification from NH 4 þ and organic-N oxidation. Total mineralization was similar in all treatments. However, while in an unfertilized control treatment more than 90% of NH 4 þ production was related to mineralization of recalcitrant organic-N, a shift occurred toward a predominance of mineralization from labile organic-N in the cattle slurry treatments and this proportion increased with the increase in slurry application rate. Furthermore, the oxidation of recalcitrant organic-N shifted from a predominant NH 4 þ production in the control treatment, toward a predominant NO 3 À production (heterotrophic nitrification) in the cattle slurry treatments. The concomitant increase in heterotrophic nitrification and NH 4 þ oxidation with increasing cattle slurry application rate was mainly responsible for the increase in net NO 3 À production rate. Thus the increase in N uptake and herbage yield on the cattle slurry treatments could be related to NO 3 À rather than NH 4 þ production. The 15 N tracing study was successful in revealing process-specific changes in the N cycle in relationship to long-term repeated amendments.

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Section: Long-term Effect Of Fertilizer and Slurry Applications On N mentioning

confidence: 62%

Effects of repeated fertilizer and cattle slurry applications over 38 years on N dynamics in a temperate grassland soil

Müller

Laughlin²,

Christie³

et al. 2011

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The content of MBC in the topsoil layer was linearly increased by LHM inputs, and both MBC and MBN were higher in the 90 m 3 LHM ha -1 plots than in the IF plots. Christie and Beattie (1989) observed an increase in the size of MBC for pig slurry application rates of 50 and 100 m 3 ha -1 compared with 200 m 3 ha -1 , to the control or to inorganic fertilizers after 17 yr of addition to perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). They also noted no difference for MBN between the three rates of pig slurry, but MBN associated with all slurry rates was considerably higher than that found in soils receiving inorganic fertilizer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…N'dayegamiye and Côté (1989) noted a lower response of the soil microflora populations with the LHM than with the solid cattle manure after 10 yr of continuous application to silage corn on a silt loam, probably because of the greater C content in the cattle manure than with LHM. On the other hand, excessive longterm LHM application can increase micro-and macronutrients in the soil over time (Christie and Beattie 1989;Martinez 1994;Tran et al 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity following liquid hog manure application in a long-term field trial

Lalande¹,

Gagnon²,

Simard³

et al. 2000

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Lalande, R., Gagnon, B., Simard, R. R. and Côté, D. 2000. Soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity following liquid hog manure application in a long-term field trial. Can. J. Soil Sci. 80: 263-269. Liquid hog manure (LHM) addition to soils in corn silage (Zea mays L.) production may benefit microbial activity by providing C and other nutrients. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of a LHM application to that of inorganic fertilizers (IF) on the biological activity of a Le Bras silt loam soil (Humic Gleysol) under continuous corn production and LHM fertilization. Amounts of 0 to 120 m 3 LHM ha -1 and 150 N-150 P 2 O 5 -150 K 2 O kg ha -1 were applied to silage corn. The 0-to 15-cm and 15-to 30-cm soil layers were sampled 28 d after the 18th yearly LHM application. The LHM inputs, particularly at 90 m 3 ha -1 , resulted in higher enzyme activities and microbial biomass C (MBC) than IF or the unamended control in the 0-to 15-cm soil layer. The 90 m 3 LHM ha -1 also gave higher microbial biomass N (MBN) than IF in this soil layer. Application of LHM had no effect on the activities of the enzymes studied or on the MBC and MBN contents in the 15-to 30-cm layer. Ammonifier population was highest with 60 m 3 LHM ha -1 in both soil layers. Nitrifier population was not affected by LHM in the top soil layer, but was linearly increased by LHM rates in the 15-to 30-cm layer. This study showed that LHM addition may enhance enzyme activities, microbial biomass and the N mineralizer population in the plow layer of a soil in a corn silage monoculture. , a produit des activités enzymatiques et un C de la biomasse microbienne supérieurs au témoin non amendé ou à la fertilisation inorganique dans la couche de sol 0-15 cm. Le LP à 90 m 3 ha -1 a aussi procuré un N de la biomasse microbienne plus élevé que les engrais minéraux dans cette couche de sol. L'apport de LP n'a pas eu d'effet sur l'activité des enzymes étudiés dans la couche 15-30 cm et sur son contenu en C et N de la biomasse microbienne. La population d'ammonificateurs a été la plus élevée avec 60 m 3 LP ha -1 dans les deux couches de sol. La population de nitrificateurs n'a pas été affectée par LP dans la couche 0-15 cm mais a augmenté linéairement avec la dose de LP dans la couche 15-30 cm. Cette étude a démontré que l'apport de LP peut favoriser l'activité enzymatique, la biomasse microbienne et la population minéralisatrice du N de la couche de labour d'un sol en monoculture de maïs-ensilage.

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“…The results from the first 16 years of this long-term slurry experiment have shown that herbage dry-matter yields increased with increasing slurry rates applied and the sward botanical composition changed (Christie 1987). Furthermore, at the highest rate of pig slurry Cu and Zn accumulated in the soil and soil microbial biomass decreased significantly (Christie and Beattie 1989) and with increasing application rates of both types of slurry arbuscular mycorrhizal infection decreased (Christie and Beattie 1992). The build-up of soil P due to slurry application may increase the risk of P loss to surface water bodies from soil receiving high rates of cow slurry (Anderson and Wu 2001;Murphy et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Botanical composition, production and nutrient status of an originally Lolium perenne-dominant cut grass sward receiving long-term manure applications

et al. 2009

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fertilizer N in 2006, whereas about 100 m 3 ha −1 pig slurry were required to produce a similar amount of DM. The highest slurry application rate significantly influenced sward botanical composition without depressing DM yield. The principal invading species were creeping bent and meadow grasses (similar to findings at a previous assessment in 1981) except in the unamended control (which were common bent and Yorkshire fog). Perennial ryegrass remained a main species in plots receiving fertilizer (31 % annual DM yield) and low slurry rates (38 %) but declined to 3 % annual DM yield at the highest slurry rate where the ability of ryegrass to utilize slurry N and P may have been affected by chemically or physically induced deficiencies of other nutrients (e.g. Ca) or direct physical effects such as smothering.

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Grassland Soil Microbial Biomass and Accumulation of Potentially Toxic Metals from Long-Term Slurry Application

Cited by 60 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of repeated fertilizer and cattle slurry applications over 38 years on N dynamics in a temperate grassland soil

Effects of repeated fertilizer and cattle slurry applications over 38 years on N dynamics in a temperate grassland soil

Soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity following liquid hog manure application in a long-term field trial

Botanical composition, production and nutrient status of an originally Lolium perenne-dominant cut grass sward receiving long-term manure applications

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