“…The exact values of the closing velocity and initial reference force are determined empirically. Different metrics have been described to assess the performance of underactuated robotic hands with respect to their ability to hold different objects (Kragten & Herder, 2010) undergoing sudden, gradual, and torsional external forces (Schuurmans, van der Linde, Plettenburg, & van der Helm, 2007;Engeberg & Meek, 2008;Gunji et al, 2008;Kamikawa & Maeno, 2008;Wettels, Parnandi, Moon, Loeb, & Sukhatme, 2009). Even though these metrics are related mainly to the evaluation of the mechanical aspect of underactuated hands, some may be used to evaluate the performance of the control strategy as well.…”