Graphitic mesoporous carbon xerogel as an effective catalyst support for oxygen reduction reaction

Synergetic Effect between Platinum Nanoparticles and Single Atoms Revealed in the Catalytic Mechanism of Traditional Pt/C for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

“…30 First, these three typical Pt/C nanocatalysts are highly active for ORR in acid solution, as shown in Figure S1, and the characterization will be performed to study their morphologies and structures. As shown in the conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images (Figure 1a,c,e), only Pt nanoparticles of different sizes can be seen clearly on the carbon surface for the three catalysts, consistent with the previous observation 27,31,32 with the previous catalytic mechanism study only based on metal nanoparticles or Pt bulk. 33,34 While using HAADF-STEM with a higher spatial resolution, several highly dispersed Pt single atoms around each Pt nanoparticle are clearly seen in Figure 1b,d,f, confirming the coexistence of Pt NPs and SAs in nanocatalysts prepared by such typical pyrolysis or chemical reduction methods.…”

“…In order to confirm the coexistence of Pt NPs and SAs in traditional hybrid Pt nanocatalysts, the three most typical carbon-supported hybrid Pt nanocatalysts were prepared. One is commercial Pt/C with Pt 20 wt % from Johnson Matthey (JM) (named Pt comm /C), which has been adopted extensively as an ORR electrocatalyst in fuel cells. − As pyrolysis at high temperatures is one of the most popular methods for the synthesis of carbon-supported metal nanocatalysts, one kind of Pt/C with Pt 20 wt % (named Pt pyro /C) was prepared with the Pt precursor of H 2 PtCl 6 adsorbed on Vulcan XC-72 (XC-72) by pyrolyzing at 800 °C . Another kind of catalyst with Pt 20 wt % (named Pt solu /C) was prepared by the chemical reduction method in water solution with NaBH 4 as the reductant as this reduction method in solution is also one of the most popular methods for the preparation of metal nanocatalysts …”

Recent developments of nanocarbon based supports for PEMFCs electrocatalysts

“…Understandably, this diffusion process is closely related to the pore structure of the electrocatalyst support. Accordingly, electrocatalysts with supports possessing different pore structures exhibit different diffusion behaviors, physicochemical characteristics, apparent reaction kinetics, and catalytic performances [49][50][51][52][53][54] (Fig. 3).…”

Improving control of carbide-derived carbon microstructure by immobilization of a transition-metal catalyst within the shell of carbide/carbon core–shell structures

“…Many synthetic approaches were employed to produce carbon combining porosity and graphitic structure [17–19]. Among them, the carbide-derived carbon (CDC) is a promising route.…”