Graphitic carbon from catalytic methane decomposition as efficient conductive additives for zinc-carbon batteries

Pan, Yuqi; Lo, Victor; Cao, Liuyue; Roy, Anup; Chivers, Benjamin; Noorbehesht, Nikan; Yao, Yuanyuan; Wang, Jiani; Wei, Li; Chen, Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2022.02.049

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Results indicate successful conversion of epoxy resin within the original FR4 substrate into relatively amorphous carbon or graphitic product as concluded from the presence of D and G Raman peaks. The additional presence of a 2D Raman peak accompanied with a lower D/G peak ratio ( I D ∕I G ) indicates formation of graphitic product, where the 2D peak signifies the presence of long-range graphitic structures [25]. As summarized in Table 1, four of the 11 conditions yielded graphitic products.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Graphitic surface layer formation on organic substrates for electronics using a concentrated solar simulator

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heat spreading is an important attribute that improves thermal management and operation of high-performance packages, such as those for solid-state power amplifiers. This attribute can be enhanced through direct transformation of polymers into graphitic films. The present work reports a custom vacuum deposition process that synthesizes thin graphitic layers on organic substrates through direct pyrolysis via concentrated irradiation from a xenon lamp to produce a peak heated zone of approximately 3 cm diameter with a maximum heat flux of 3.2 MW/m$$^2$$ 2 . The light source, replaceable with concentrated terrestrial solar power, provides ultrafast heating of substrates through rapid flashes (< 0.5 s) and improves growth rates over relatively larger areas compared to laser processing, mitigating the issue of porosity in graphitic layers that deteriorate heat spreading capabilities. The enhanced organic substrates are analyzed using Raman and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal diffusivity measurements, indicating graphitic conversion. Graphical abstract

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Graphitic surface layer formation on organic substrates for electronics using a concentrated solar simulator

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The first deprotonation step of CMD (CH 4 → CH 3 + H) was investigated for two possible mechanisms: the direct (dissociative) and precursor-mediated (non-dissociative) methane adsorption ( Alves et al, 2021 ; Fan et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2021 ; Pan et al, 2022 ). For the former, CH 3 and H are expected to chemisorb at the surface of the catalyst while the first C-H bond of methane cleavage occurs simultaneously.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical insights into the methane catalytic decomposition on graphene nanoribbons edges

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Catalytic methane decomposition (CMD) is receiving much attention as a promising application for hydrogen production. Due to the high energy required for breaking the C-H bonds of methane, the choice of catalyst is crucial to the viability of this process. However, atomistic insights for the CMD mechanism on carbon-based materials are still limited. Here, we investigate the viability of CMD under reaction conditions on the zigzag (12-ZGNR) and armchair (AGRN) edges of graphene nanoribbons employing dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT). First, we investigated the desorption of H and H2 at 1200 K on the passivated 12-ZGNR and 12-AGNR edges. The diffusion of hydrogen atom on the passivated edges is the rate determinant step for the most favourable H2 desorption pathway, with a activation free energy of 4.17 eV and 3.45 eV on 12-ZGNR and 12-AGNR, respectively. The most favourable H2 desorption occurs on the 12-AGNR edges with a free energy barrier of 1.56 eV, reflecting the availability of bare carbon active sites on the catalytic application. The direct dissociative chemisorption of CH4 is the preferred pathway on the non-passivated 12-ZGNR edges, with an activation free energy of 0.56 eV. We also present the reaction steps for the complete catalytic dehydrogenation of methane on 12-ZGNR and 12-AGNR edges, proposing a mechanism in which the solid carbon formed on the edges act as new active sites. The active sites on the 12-AGNR edges show more propensity to be regenerated due lower free energy barrier of 2.71 eV for the H2 desorption from the newly grown active site. Comparison is made between the results obtained here and experimental and computational data available in the literature. We provide fundamental insights for the engineering of carbon-based catalysts for the CMD, showing that the bare carbon edges of graphene nanoribbons have performance comparable to commonly used metallic and bi-metallic catalysts for methane decomposition.

show abstract

“…[41,42] Carbon materials produced by CH 4 pyrolysis using iron (Fe) ore catalysts for H 2 production have graphitic structures with certain porosity and a relatively moderate specific surface area (i.e., 10-30 m 2 g −1 ). [43,44] We speculated that such carbon materials might work efficiently in DCBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphitic Co‐Products of Clean Hydrogen Production Enabling High‐Rate‐Performance Dual‐Carbon Batteries

Pan

Cao

Yao

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Methane pyrolysis (CH4 → 2H2 + C) is a promising H2 production process with zero CO2 emissions. Utilizing its solid carbon co‐products can make it economically more competitive. Herein, this work demonstrates that graphitic carbon from methane pyrolysis can work as both cathodes and anodes to enable high‐rate‐performance dual‐carbon batteries (DCBs), outperforming commercial natural and synthetic graphite. The graphite purity can reach 99.32 and 97.59 wt%, respectively, using a standard high‐temperature thermal treatment or a room‐temperature electrochemical method. Compared to graphite, they have smaller crystalline sizes and larger surface areas, enabling faster surface redox reactions and better structural stability upon electrolyte ion intercalation. DCB full cells with LiPF6 ethyl methyl carbonate electrolyte deliver energy storage capacities of 75.1 and 74.7 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1 with capacity retentions of 79.2% and 93.4% after the high‐rate charge–discharge over 5000 mA g−1, respectively. They can also be cycled at 500 mA g−1 over 300 cycles without capacity decay, demonstrating excellent cycling stability. They show energy densities of 168.7 and 159.7 Wh kg−1 at power densities of 10.6 and 10.8 kW kg−1, outperforming recently reported DCBs. These findings open a new application of graphite co‐product from the emission‐free H2 production process.

show abstract

Graphitic carbon from catalytic methane decomposition as efficient conductive additives for zinc-carbon batteries

Cited by 14 publications

References 49 publications

Graphitic surface layer formation on organic substrates for electronics using a concentrated solar simulator

Graphitic surface layer formation on organic substrates for electronics using a concentrated solar simulator

Theoretical insights into the methane catalytic decomposition on graphene nanoribbons edges

Graphitic Co‐Products of Clean Hydrogen Production Enabling High‐Rate‐Performance Dual‐Carbon Batteries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About