Graphite oxide/functionalized graphene oxide and polybenzimidazole composite membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Xue, Chao; Zou, Jing; Sun, Zhenzhen; Wang, Fanghui; Han, Kefei; Zhu, Hong

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.03.061

Cited by 99 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Ye et al . reported that the optimum GO content in their prepared PVA nanocomposite membrane was 1.4%, and 15 wt % of GO was the best content on the PBI membrane reported by Xue et al …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The GO filler in the electrolyte membrane significantly affects the membrane morphology, structure, and grain size of the membrane, which consequently influences the membrane performance, including in the IEC, ionic conductivity, and selectivity measurements. 26,[33][34][35][37][38][39] Ye et al 40 reported that the optimum GO content in their prepared PVA nanocomposite membrane was 1.4%, and 15 wt % of GO was the best content on the PBI membrane reported by Xue et al 41 Introduction of GO up to 10 wt % slightly increased the IEC and ionic conductivity of the composite membranes, which was attributed to the "blocking effect" of GO, contributing to the hydrophobic region within the ionic clusters in the composite membrane. However, beyond 10 wt % of GO loading (15 wt %), the composite membrane increased the IEC and ionic conductivity, up to 17.35 × 10 −3 S cm −1 , due to the sufficiently high oxygenated functional group (hydroxyl, carboxyl, and epoxy) in GO that provides an alternative anion pathways, which overwhelmed the blocking effect from the hydrophobic region that hindered the ionic cluster transfer for the hopping mechanism.…”

Section: Membrane Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of quaternized poly(vinyl alcohol)‐based electrolyte membrane in passive alkaline DEFCs application: RSM optimization approach

Zakaria

Kamarudin

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) have emerged as potential tools for producing sustainable energy for portable devices due to their high energy density and their safe and nontoxic fuel source. However, the main problem of DEFCs is the sluggish oxidation of ethanol and fuel crossover from the anode side to the cathode side. Nafion membranes are commonly used as the electrolyte membrane in DEFCs, but they have a high production cost and high ethanol permeability. Thus, this work studies the performance of an alternative electrolyte membrane that is based on a quaternized poly(vinyl alcohol) (QPVA) polymer in passive alkaline DEFCs. The composition of the QPVA‐based membranes was optimized with potassium hydroxide (KOH) as an ion charge carrier and by the inorganic filler graphene oxide (GO). The membrane properties were influenced by KOH and GO. The effect of these two parameters on the performance of the QPVA‐based membranes was investigated for its ion‐exchange capacity and ionic conductivity and selectivity using the response surface methodology to optimize the membrane composition. The QPVA‐based membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscope. The membrane properties were influenced by KOH concentration doping and GO filler loading, which affect the membrane selectivity and, consequently, the overall performance of the passive alkaline DEFCs. Finally, the maximum power density of the passive DEFCs was improved from 5.8 to 11.3 W cm−2 at 30 °C, 13.7 mW cm−2 at 60 °C, and 19.3 mW cm−2 at 90 °C, respectively, in ambient air. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47526.

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“…Ye et al . reported that the optimum GO content in their prepared PVA nanocomposite membrane was 1.4%, and 15 wt % of GO was the best content on the PBI membrane reported by Xue et al …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Membrane Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of quaternized poly(vinyl alcohol)‐based electrolyte membrane in passive alkaline DEFCs application: RSM optimization approach

Zakaria

Kamarudin

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The fuel production is also of low cost, and renewable fuel can be produced via agricultural bioprocesses production form the biomass product form farming, forestry, and community waste via the fermentation process. 7,8,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Munjewar et al 35 reviewed passive direct DMFCs application from the material development side. The sluggish reaction of fuel in anode electrode and fuel crossover have cause the reduction of fuel feeding efficiency and degraded the cathode electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The optimization performance of cross‐linked sodium alginate polymer electrolyte bio‐membranes in passive direct methanol/ethanol fuel cells

2019

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Summary Consumption of methanol and ethanol as a fuel in the passive direct fuel cells technologies is suitable and more useful for the portable application compared with hydrogen as a preliminary fuel due to the ease of management, including design of cell, transportation, and storage. However, the cost production of commercial membrane is still far from the acceptable commercialization stage. Based to our previous works, the low cost of cross‐linked sodium alginate (SA) polymer electrolyte bio‐membrane shown the virtuous chemical, mechanical, and thermal characterization as polymer electrolyte membrane in the direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). This study will further the investigation of cross‐linked SA polymer electrolyte bio‐membrane performance in the passive DMFCs and the passive direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). The experimental study investigates the influence of the membrane thickness, loading of catalysts, temperature, type of fuel, and fuel concentration in order to achieve the optimal working operation performances. The passive DMFCs is improved from 1.45 up to 13.5 mW cm−2 for the maximum peak of power density, which is obtained by using 0.16 mm as an optimum thick of SA bio‐membrane that shown the highest selectivity 6.31 104 S s cm−3, 4 mg cm−2 of Pt‐Ru as an optimum of anode catalyst loading, 2 mg cm−2 of Pt at the cathode, 2M of methanol as an optimum fuel concentration, and an optimum temperature at 90°C. Under the same conditions of cells, the passive DEFCs are shown to be 10.2 mW cm−2 in the maximum peak of power density with 2M ethanol. Based on our knowledge, this is the first work that reports the optimization works of performance SA‐based membrane in the passive DMFCs via experimental studies of single cells and the primary performance of passive DEFCs using the SA‐based membrane as polymer electrolyte membrane.

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“…The surface of GO can be treated to enhance compatibility with polymers or solvents. For instance, Xue et al . treated GO with tert ‐butyl isocyanate to improve its dispersibility in both water and organic solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 The surface of GO can be treated to enhance compatibility with polymers or solvents. For instance, Xue et al 21 treated GO with tert-butyl isocyanate to improve its dispersibility in both water and organic solvents. Considering the high specific surface area and aspect ratio of graphene (41,000), 22 a large number of aromatic molecules could be adsorbed on GO, resulting in improved membrane performance for the separation of aromatics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pervaporation of toluene and iso‐octane through poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide nanoplate mixed matrix membranes: Comparison of crosslinked and noncrosslinked membranes

Khazaei

Mohebbi

Behbahani

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Removal of aromatic compounds from fuel is an essential requirement in new environmental policies. In the present study, poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (GO) mixed matrix membranes were prepared and applied to the separation of toluene from iso‐octane by pervaporation, considering the similarity and interaction between graphene and aromatics. The effects of crosslinking and GO content on separation efficiency have been investigated in detail. Owing to the high affinity of GO with toluene through s and π bonds, the selectivity of the membranes was increased by incorporating a low amount of GO. The results also indicated that noncrosslinked membranes have higher selectivity and permeation flux due to higher crystallinity and also have lower mechanical properties. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45853.

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Graphite oxide/functionalized graphene oxide and polybenzimidazole composite membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 99 publications

References 49 publications

Performance of quaternized poly(vinyl alcohol)‐based electrolyte membrane in passive alkaline DEFCs application: RSM optimization approach

Performance of quaternized poly(vinyl alcohol)‐based electrolyte membrane in passive alkaline DEFCs application: RSM optimization approach

The optimization performance of cross‐linked sodium alginate polymer electrolyte bio‐membranes in passive direct methanol/ethanol fuel cells

Pervaporation of toluene and iso‐octane through poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide nanoplate mixed matrix membranes: Comparison of crosslinked and noncrosslinked membranes

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