Graphite, Carbonaceous Materials and Organic Solids as Active Electrodes in Metal‐Free Batteries

Beck, F.

doi:10.1002/9783527616794.ch5

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 402 publications

(169 reference statements)

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“…26,27 Some examples are p-toluenesulfonate (PTS), 26,28−30 dodezylbenzenesulfonate (DBS) and their sulfonic acids, 26,27 anthraquinone sulfonic acids, 26,31−34 and naphthalene sulfonic acid. 35,36 Quinone compounds have been studied for applications in metal-free batteries 37 and supercapacitors, 8 but the low cell voltage did not encourage further development, and the systems were thought to have no chance for commercial use. 38 Nevertheless, entrapment of quinone-like molecules in polypyrrole has been done in applications for biosensors, 39−41 and it has been shown that the polypyrrole acts like a molecular wire between the quinone materials and the base electrode.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Solute Doped Polypyrrole for High-Charge Capacity Polymer Electrodes

Arcila-Velez

Roberts

2014

Chem. Mater.

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Growing demands for high energy/high power energy storage systems have driven research efforts toward devices such as supercapacitors that bridge the gap between high power capacitors and high energy batteries. Supercapacitors have experienced commercial success with high surface area activated carbon electrodes; however, these systems are limited by the surface area and physical charge storage through the electrical double layer mechanism. Redox materials, such as metal oxides and conductive polymers, have attracted interest because of the increase in energy density obtained through faradaic charge storage processes. One of the main drawbacks of conducting polymers, which are far more abundant and cost-effective relative to oxides, is their relatively low theoretical charge capacity. In this work, we report the use of a high-charge capacity redox molecule, 1,4-benzoquinone, to increase the energy density of polypyrrole electrodes. The electrode synthesis conditions are shown to have a significant influence on the composition and electrochemical properties of the mixed redox material films. Polypyrrole electrodes doped with 1,4-benzoquinone exhibit specific capacitances as high as 550 F g–1 and charge capacities of 104 mA h g–1 compared to 236 F g–1 and 50 mA h g–1 for reference polypyrrole electrodes. Importantly, these results demonstrate that materials with diverse redox behaviors and potentials can be combined in an electrochemical system to develop organic electrodes with high specific charge capacities.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Solute Doped Polypyrrole for High-Charge Capacity Polymer Electrodes

Arcila-Velez

Roberts

2014

Chem. Mater.

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“…3a). 66 Negatively charged phosphate ions and water intercalate at the same time during this potential scanning process (Fig. 3a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Synthesis of Phosphorus Doped Graphenes via the Yucel’s Method as the Positive Electrode of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

Gürsu¹,

Gençten²,

Şahin³

2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Improving electrode performances in the high-current cycles is essential to increase the global competitiveness of vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), a widespread application potential for large-scale energy storage systems. Modifying carbon electrode surfaces with graphene-based materials and even doping of graphene with heteroatoms is a reasonably critical strategy to enhance the reaction activity and reversibility of vanadium redox couples. In this study, phosphorus-doped graphene-based electrodes were produced via Yucel’s method in phosphoric acid solution, and their use as positive electrodes for VRFB was investigated. Various electrochemical, spectroscopic, and morphologic characterization methods were used to analyze the electrodes. The effects of P-doped graphene-based materials as the positive electrode of VRFB were investigated via electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic charge-discharge. The VRFB with phosphorous doped graphene-based electrodes prepared in the potential range between −1.0 and +2.1 V (P-GPGE1) exhibited higher discharge capacity as 1.11 Ah l−1, and energy efficiency as 73.1% at the charge and discharge current densities of 8 and 1.6 mA.cm−2, respectively. This paper reveals a promising way to produce phosphorous doped graphene-based electrodes for the next-generation VRFB, a high-power, stable, and efficient operation.

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“…Carbon has been widely used since the times of Humphrey Davy (1778-1829), who used charcoal electrodes in some of his experimental work [11]. Carbon electrodes are extensively employed in a large number of electrochemical processes [12,13], including electrochemical energy storage and energy conversion devices, halogen production, electrometallurgical processes in melts and aqueous solutions, water preparation and water decontamination systems, preparation of organic compounds by chemically modified electrodes, as well as inorganic electrosynthesis to generate peroxide, ozone, fluoride, chloro-alkali, and metals from fused salts [14,15].…”

Section: Types Of Carbons Used In Electrochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%