Graphite as a highly efficient and stable catalyst for the production of lactones

Fabrication of Fe3O4‐l‐dopa‐CuII/SnIV@Micro‐Mesoporous‐SiO2 Catalyst Applied to Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation Reaction

“…To evaluate the scope of catalytic system, the catalytic activities towards B‐V oxidation of various ketones were also explored and the results were shown in Table . Cyclohexanone and cyclopentanone are more easily than other ketones to convert into corresponding ester, which was consistent with results of other reports, and p ‐methylacetophenone is more easily than acetophenone to convert into corresponding ester. Because methyl is a group which is able to stabilize the positive charge .…”

“…Lactones have been applied widely as key molecules for the synthesis of important bioactive compounds, natural products and polymers; and represent a valuable family of synthons for various organic transformations. Lactones or esters can be synthesized from their corresponding ketones by employing the Baeyer–Villiger (B‐V) oxidation . The B‐V oxidation is one of the most significant and practical oxidation reactions and has been extensively used for the synthesis of antibiotics, steroids, pheromones, monomers for polymerization, and various fine chemicals .…”

“…Recently, B‐V oxidation reaction has been reported to be catalyzed by different catalysts (graphite, carbon materials, m ‐ZrP) with no more than 2 molar equiv of benzaldehyde as sacrificial agents. However, these systems suffered from the limitations of much consumption of metal, relatively low activity or longer reaction time …”

“…Lactones or esters can be synthesized from their correspondingk etones by employing the Baeyer-Villiger (B-V) oxidation. [1][2][3] The B-V oxidation is one of the most significant and practical oxidation reactions and has been extensively used for the synthesis of antibiotics, steroids, pheromones, monomersf or polymerization, and various fine chemicals. [4][5][6] In general, B-V oxidations have usually been conducted by highly expensive, hazardous, shock sensitive, and environmentally malignant organic peracids as oxidants, [5] therefore, developingg reener alternatives as oxidants for B-V reactioni satechnologically crucial issue.…”

“…However,t hese systems suffered from the limitations of much consumption of metal, relatively low activity or longerreaction time. [1,3,8] Previous studies showed that Sn as Lewis acid centers incorporated into az eolite framework (zeoliteB eta) have been found to be very active and highly selectivec atalysts for the B-V oxidation of ketones with hydrogen peroxide. [16,17] For instance,t in-containing beta zeolite could oxidize adamantanone and cyclohexanone to the corresponding lactones with excellent selectivity,w hich was developed by Cormae tal.…”