Graphene quantum dot-porphyrin/phthalocyanine multifunctional hybrid systems: from interfacial dialogue to application

Abstract

Engineered well-ordered hybrid nanomaterials are at a symbolically pivotal point, just ahead of a long-anticipated human race transformation. Incorporating newer carbon nanomaterials like graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with tetrapyrrolic porphyrins...

Nanomaterial-based photodynamic therapy for antibacterial applications: a comprehensive review

“…During the photodynamic process, the active sites on the surface of PSs serve as docking sites for oxygen molecules, including O 2 and H 2 O. This interaction facilitates the engagement of high-energy charge carriers, such as photo-generated electrons (e − ) and holes (h + ), leading to the subsequent generation of ROS (Sangam et al, 2022). When the incident light energy surpasses the band gap of the PSs, electron-hole separation occurs, with electrons being excited from the valence band to the conduction band, while holes remain within the valence band.…”

Investigation of advanced biological properties of carbon, carbon‐boron quantum dots, and copper (II) phthalocyanine nanoconjugates

“…Combining carbon‐based QDs with tetrapyrrole compounds (such as porphyrin and Pc) is crucial to obtain molecular nanoarchitectures with superior properties from their constituents 12,13 . Conjugation of the QDs/Pc system provides new opportunities to obtain various synchronous adsorption conformations with changes in magnetic properties, electronic level alignment, charge transfer, and substrate binding 14–16 .…”

“…11 Combining carbon-based QDs with tetrapyrrole compounds (such as porphyrin and Pc) is crucial to obtain molecular nanoarchitectures with superior properties from their constituents. 12,13 Conjugation of the QDs/Pc system provides new opportunities to obtain various synchronous adsorption conformations with changes in magnetic properties, electronic level alignment, charge transfer, and substrate binding. [14][15][16] The synthesis of different types of QDs/Pc conjugates can also offer customized intermolecular relationships to generate unique optical, geometric, and electronic properties in biomimetic systems and similar biological applications with the advantage of tuned functionality.…”

Nitrogen- and sulfur-doped graphene quantum dots for chemiluminescence

“…[6][7][8]11 Because of their fascinating chemical properties, excellent optical features, attractive catalytic performance, good water dispersity and chemical stability, GQDs exhibit great potential in application fields such as catalysis, 12,13 energy, 14 sensing 15 and biomedicine. 16 The unique optical properties of GQDs are related to their shellcore composition, which can be optimized by modifying the functional groups located at the edge. 14 Various luminescence mechanisms of GQDs, including fluorescence and phosphorescence, have been proposed and provide great opportunities in wide applications.…”