Graphene oxides as support for the synthesis of nickel sulfide–indium oxide nanocomposites for photocatalytic, antibacterial and antioxidant performances

Abstract

NiS (nickel sulfide)–In2O3 (indium oxide) nanostructures and NiS–In2O3 decorated on graphene oxide (GO) were demonstrated by ultrasonic/hydrothermal method. The structural study demonstrates the preparation of bixbyite and hexagonal phase of In2O3 and NiS for all of the synthesized catalysts. The band gap of the synthesized catalyst was determined to be in the range of 2.30–3.00 eV. A morphological evaluation by field emission scanning electron microscopy of NiS–In2O3 decorated on graphene oxide shows support for the NiS–In2O3 on the graphene oxide layer. Different test parameters were performed to study the phase and morphology. The particle sizes of the In2O3, NiS–In2O3 and NiS–In2O3/GO nanocomposites were 56.0, 62.0 and 66.0 nm, respectively. The photocatalytic performance of NiS–In2O3/GO nanocomposites was examined for the degradation of methylene blue dye under a UV lamp. The prepared sample shows 98.25% photocatalytic degradation within 40 min and at pH 9. With the presence the NiS and GO, the photo‐degradation capacities of In2O3 and NiS–In2O3 are improved owing to the low band gap being calculated in UV–vis DRS analysis. The high ratio of NiS causes the highest photocatalytic properties of NiS–In2O3 nanocomposites owing to the enhancement of charge separation efficiency and generation of hydroxyl radicals. This study presents a facile and low‐cost method to prepare highly active NiS–In2O3/GO nanocomposites. The antibacterial data indicate the significant properties of NiS–In2O3/GO nanocomposites for this study.

Indium Oxide Based Nanomaterials: Fabrication Strategies, Properties, Applications, Challenges and Future Prospect

“…NiS-IO-GO Ultrasonic/hydrothermal [28] WO 3 -IO Sol-gel [29] SnO 2 -IO Precipitation [30] Y 2 O 3 -IO Co-precipitation/sol-gel [27] Mn(II) doped IO foam Sol-gel [31] Organic-inorganic IO foam Sol-gel [32] Colloidal IO nanoparticles Laser ablation [33]…”

“…In this respect, the preparation methods that govern the generation of specific structural features, porosity and defects in the bulk nanomaterials. It is reported that ITO and nickel doped ITO nanomaterials exhibit X-ray diffraction peaks similar to that of pure In 2 O 3 with cubic bixbyite structure [27][28][29][30]. To calculate the band gap energy (BGE), the optical reflectance spectrum of a bulk nanomaterial can be recorded and then converted into its absorption spectrum.…”

“…The BGE (E g ) can be determined from the relation, αhυ = A (E g − h) 1/2 , where h, υ and A are Plank's constant, frequency of light, proportionality constant, respectively [57,61]. The BGE value of a metal doped IO/IO based nanomaterial varies depending on the nature of dopant element [27][28][29][30]. On the other hand, magnetic properties of IO/IO based nanomaterials are of great interest for basic science.…”

Ternary and Quaternary Nanocrystalline Cu-Based Sulfides as Perspective Antibacterial Materials Mechanochemically Synthesized in a Scalable Fashion

“…The antibacterial potential of Ag 2 S, − CdS, − CuS − MoS 2, − and ZnS − has been studied many times. There are few publications on the antimicrobial action of more exotic binary sulfides like SnS 2, CoS 2, NiS, and In 2 S 3. Binary sulfides are most often complemented by another compounds like oxides to get the composite with good antibacterial activity.…”

Enhanced photocatalytic conversion of organic dyes using CeCoO3/MoS2 heterojunction as a highly effective visible‐light‐driven photocatalyst

“…[3] In general, metal sulfides and oxides are being used as photocatalysts. [4,5] The photoactivity of ZnO and TiO 2 on the degradation of MB (methylene blue) as an organic dye under UV irradiation was studied by Štrbac and co-workers. [6] The photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO and TiO 2 has some weaknesses, such as rapid charge recombination, activation under UV light, and lack of active sites.…”