Graphene Oxide Tablets for Sample Preparation of Drugs in Biological Fluids: Determination of Omeprazole in Human Saliva for Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Zohdi, Zeynab; Hashemi, Mahdi; Uheida, Abdusalam; Moein, Mohammad Mahdi; Abdel‐Rehim, Mohamed

doi:10.3390/molecules24071191

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Zohdi et al [ 100 ] developed thin layer GO tablets by utilizing a mixture of GO and polyethylene glycol on a polyethylene substrate for the sample preparation of biological fluids. The developed tablets were used for the determination of omeprazole in human saliva for liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.…”

Section: Bioanalytical Applications Of Graphene Oxide For the Extraction Of Small Organic Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Bioanalytical Applications of Graphene Oxide for the Extraction of Small Organic Molecules

et al. 2021

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Bioanalysis is the scientific field of the quantitative determination of xenobiotics (e.g., drugs and their metabolites) and biotics (e.g., macromolecules) in biological matrices. The most common samples in bioanalysis include blood (i.e., serum, plasma and whole blood) and urine. However, the analysis of alternative biosamples, such as hair and nails are gaining more and more attention. The main limitations for the determination of small organic compounds in biological samples is their low concentration in these matrices, in combination with the sample complexity. Therefore, a sample preparation/analyte preconcentration step is typically required. Currently, the development of novel microextraction and miniaturized extraction techniques, as well as novel adsorbents for the analysis of biosamples, in compliance with the requirements of Green Analytical Chemistry, is in the forefront of research in analytical chemistry. Graphene oxide (GO) is undoubtedly a powerful adsorbent for sample preparation that has been successfully coupled with a plethora of green extraction techniques. GO is composed of carbon atoms in a sp2 single-atom layer of a hybrid connection, and it exhibits high surface area, as well as good mechanical and thermal stability. In this review, we aim to discuss the applications of GO and functionalized GO derivatives in microextraction and miniaturized extraction techniques for the determination of small organic molecules in biological samples.

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Section: Bioanalytical Applications Of Graphene Oxide For the Extraction Of Small Organic Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Bioanalytical Applications of Graphene Oxide for the Extraction of Small Organic Molecules

et al. 2021

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“…In addition, the nanoadsorbents can be deposited on the surface of polymeric tablets. Recently, our research group has successfully applied polyethylene tablet-based Molecularly imprinted polymer and GO for separation and preconcentration of amphetamine and omeprazole in biological samples (El-Beqqali & Abdel-Rehim, 2016;Zohdi, Hashemi, Uheida, Moein, & Abdel-Rehim, 2019). Polyethylene acts as a porous scaffold for nanoadsorbents and provides a uniform and repeatable surface area for target analytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized graphene oxide tablets for sample preparation of drugs in biological fluids: Extraction of ritonavir, a HIV protease inhibitor, from human saliva and plasma using LC–MS/MS

Zohdijamil

Hashemi

Abdel-Rehim

et al. 2021

Biomedical Chromatography

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In this work, graphene oxide-based tablets (GO-Tabs) were prepared by applying a thin layer of functionalized GO on a polyethylene substrate. The GO was functionalized with amine groups (-NH 2 ) by poly(ethylene glycol)bis(3-aminopropyl) terminated (GO-NH 2 -PEG-NH 2 ). The functionalized GO-Tabs were used for the extraction of ritonavir (RTV) in human saliva samples. RTV in plasma and saliva samples was analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Gradient LC system with MS/MS in the positive-ion mode [electrospray ionization (ESI+)] was used. The transitions m/z 721 ! 269.0 and m/z 614 ! 421 were used for RTV and the internal standard indinavir, respectively. This study determined the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor RTV in human saliva samples using functionalized GO-Tab and LC-MS/MS, and the method was validated. The standard calibration curve for plasma and saliva samples was constructed from 5.0 to 2000 nmol L À1 . The limit of detection was 0.1 nmol L À1 , and the limit of quantification was 5.0 nmol L À1 in both plasma and saliva matrices. The intra-and inter-assay precision values were found to be between 1.5 and 5.8%, and the accuracy values ranged from 88.0 to 108% utilizing saliva and plasma samples. The extraction recovery was more than 80%, and the presented functionalized GO-Tabs could be reused for more than 10 extractions without deterioration in recovery.

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“…The other key factor affecting the dynamic development of extraction methods is the introduction of new materials, which may be used as potential sorbents in bioanalysis. There are MOFs (metal-organic frameworks), [3] ionic liquids [4], fabric phases [5], graphene oxide tablets [6], cork [7], bract [8], or coated papers [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Approaches to Preparation of Body Fluids for Determination of Bioactive Compounds

Madej

Piekoszewski

2019

Separations

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The current clinical and forensic toxicological analysis of body fluids requires a modern approach to sample preparation characterized by high selectivity and enrichment capability, suitability for micro-samples, simplicity and speed, and the possibility of automation and miniaturization, as well as the use of small amounts of reagents, especially toxic solvents. Most of the abovementioned features may be realized using so-called microextraction techniques which cover liquid-phase techniques (e.g., single-drop microextraction, SDME; dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, DLLME; hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction, HF-LPME) and solid-phase extraction techniques (solid-phase microextraction, SPME; microextraction in packed syringes, MEPS; disposable pipette tip extraction, DPX; stir bar sorption extraction, SBSE). Some other extraction methodologies like dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) or magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) can also be easily miniaturized. This review briefly describes and characterizes the abovementioned extraction methods, and then presents their current applications to the preparation of body fluids analyzed for bioactive compounds in combination with appropriate analytical methods, mainly chromatographic and related techniques. The perspectives of the analytical area we are interested in are also indicated.

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Graphene Oxide Tablets for Sample Preparation of Drugs in Biological Fluids: Determination of Omeprazole in Human Saliva for Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Green Bioanalytical Applications of Graphene Oxide for the Extraction of Small Organic Molecules

Green Bioanalytical Applications of Graphene Oxide for the Extraction of Small Organic Molecules

Functionalized graphene oxide tablets for sample preparation of drugs in biological fluids: Extraction of ritonavir, a HIV protease inhibitor, from human saliva and plasma using LC–MS/MS

Modern Approaches to Preparation of Body Fluids for Determination of Bioactive Compounds

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