Graphene Oxide: Synthesis and Characterization

Khan, Mohd Bilal; Parvaz, M.; Khan, Zishan H.

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-3842-6_1

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…70,71 On the other hand, rGO can be easily mixed with other materials to form a composite with enhanced properties, especially on conductivity for photoanode applications. 72,73 Moreover, the ZnO/graphene and ZnO/FLG show a comparable PCE enhancement, with average improvements of 32.28% ± 6.64% and 27.02% ± 0.17%, respectively. Compared to ZnO/graphene and ZnO/FLG, ZnO/GQDs exhibit more significant PCE improvement due to the edge-functionalization of one-dimensional GQDs and its unique structure of sp 2 carbon domain facilitating simultaneous surface passivation for DSSCs.…”

Section: Structural Properties Of Zno/ Graphene Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The vast improvement in PCE owns to the high surface area of rGO and hence significantly improved the dye absorption in DSSCs 70,71 . On the other hand, rGO can be easily mixed with other materials to form a composite with enhanced properties, especially on conductivity for photoanode applications 72,73 . Moreover, the ZnO/graphene and ZnO/FLG show a comparable PCE enhancement, with average improvements of 32.28% ± 6.64% and 27.02% ± 0.17%, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zinc oxide/graphene nanocomposite as efficient photoelectrode in dye‐sensitized solar cells: Recent advances and future outlook

Mahalingam

Low

Omar

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs), also known as Grätzel cells, are a third‐generation photovoltaic technology that has garnered extensive interest due to its simplicity of fabrication, economical, and relatively high power conversion efficiency (PCE). The PCE of the photovoltaic cells is primarily related to the architecture of the cells, as well as the electrodes and electrolyte employed. Using zinc oxide (ZnO) coupled with two‐dimensional graphene as photoelectrode enables efficient charge transfer and minimizes electron–hole recombination in the DSSCs, resulting in improved performance. This review outlines the feasibility and performance enhancement of ZnO/graphene nanocomposite and its derivatives as photoelectrode for DSSCs. The structural features, optical properties, electron transport, and dye interaction of the ZnO/graphene nanocomposite‐based photoelectrode were considered in this review. In addition, the limitations of ZnO/graphene derivatives as photoelectrodes and their solutions were extensively discussed, as well as their prospects. The ZnO/graphene‐based photovoltaic cells exhibit an efficiency of up to 11.5% under different dyes and electrolytes. The recent progress achieved with this photoelectrode, which is a viable substitute for titanium dioxide (TiO2), is also thoroughly reviewed.

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Section: Structural Properties Of Zno/ Graphene Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc oxide/graphene nanocomposite as efficient photoelectrode in dye‐sensitized solar cells: Recent advances and future outlook

Mahalingam

Low

Omar

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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“…GO is not only an interesting material as a precursor for graphene but can also be used as a reinforcing filler in polymer nanocomposites. GO has therefore been the subject of intensive research for several years [5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Graphene Oxide

Huskić,

Kepić,

Kleut

et al. 2024

Nanomaterials

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The present study focuses on correlations between three parameters: (1) graphite particle size, (2) the ratio of graphite to oxidizing agent (KMnO4), and (3) the ratio of graphite to acid (H2SO4 and H3PO4), with the reaction yield, structure, and properties of graphene oxide (GO). The correlations are a challenge, as these three parameters can hardly be separated from each other due to the variations in the viscosity of the system. The larger the graphite particles, the higher the viscosity of GO. Decreasing the ratio of graphite to KMnO4 from 1:4 to 1:6 generally leads to a higher degree of oxidation and a higher reaction yield. However, the differences are very small. Increasing the graphite-to-acid-volume ratio from 1 g/60 mL to 1 g/80 mL, except for the smallest particles, reduced the degree of oxidation and slightly reduced the reaction yield. However, the reaction yield mainly depends on the extent of purification of GO by water, not on the reaction conditions. The large differences in the thermal decomposition of GO are mainly due to the bulk particle size and less to other parameters.

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“…Recently, the biological synthesis of nanoparticles (NCs) seem to be a matter of concern as an attractive alternative for the commonly applied chemical and physical approaches 1 – 3 . Over the few last years, the number of publication focused on the bio-NCs has increased significantly and it is still rising.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive study upon physicochemical properties of bio-ZnO NCs

Król‐Górniak

Railean-Plugaru

Pomastowski

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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In this study, for the first time, the comparison of commercially available chemical ZnO NCs and bio-ZnO NCs produced extracellularly by two different probiotic isolates (Latilactobacillus curvatus MEVP1 [OM736187] and Limosilactobacillus fermentum MEVP2 [OM736188]) were performed. All types of ZnO formulations were characterized by comprehensive interdisciplinary approach including various instrumental techniques in order to obtain nanocomposites with suitable properties for further applications, i.e. biomedical. Based on the X- ray diffraction analysis results, all tested nanoparticles exhibited the wurtzite structure with an average crystalline size distribution of 21.1 nm (CHEM_ZnO NCs), 13.2 nm (1C_ZnO NCs) and 12.9 nm (4a_ZnO NCs). The microscopy approach with use of broad range of detectors (SE, BF, HAADF) revealed the core–shell structure of bio-ZnO NCs, compared to the chemical one. The nanoparticles core of 1C and 4a_ZnO NCs are coated by the specific organic deposit coming from the metabolites produced by two probiotic strains, L. fermentum and L. curvatus. Vibrational infrared spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) and mass spectrometry (LDI-TOF-MS) have been used to monitor the ZnO NCs surface chemistry and allowed for better description of bio-NCs organic coating composition (amino acids residues). The characterized ZnO formulations were then assessed for their photocatalytic properties against methylene blue (MB). Both types of bio-ZnO NCs exhibited good photocatalytic activity, however, the effect of CHEM_ZnO NCs was more potent than bio-ZnO NCs. Finally, the colloidal stability of the tested nanoparticles were investigated based on the zeta potential (ZP) and hydrodynamic diameter measurements in dependence of the nanocomposites concentration and investigation time. During the biosynthesis of nano-ZnO, the increment of pH from 5.7 to around 8 were observed which suggested possible contribution of zinc aquacomplexes and carboxyl-rich compounds resulted in conversion of zinc tetrahydroxy ion complex to ZnO NCs. Overall results in present study suggest that used accessible source such us probiotic strains, L. fermentum and L. curvatus, for extracellular bio-ZnO NCs synthesis are of high interest. What is important, no significant differences between organic deposit (e.g. metabolites) produced by tested strains were noticed—both of them allowed to form the nanoparticles with natural origin coating. In comparison to chemical ZnO NCs, those synthetized via microbiological route are promising material with further biological potential once have shown high stability during 7 days.

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Graphene Oxide: Synthesis and Characterization

Cited by 6 publications

References 117 publications

Zinc oxide/graphene nanocomposite as efficient photoelectrode in dye‐sensitized solar cells: Recent advances and future outlook

Zinc oxide/graphene nanocomposite as efficient photoelectrode in dye‐sensitized solar cells: Recent advances and future outlook

The Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Graphene Oxide

Comprehensive study upon physicochemical properties of bio-ZnO NCs

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