“…Moreover, studies have shown that incorporation of the GO in silica-based adhesive increases the bond strength due to their interaction. 12,13 However, the present study result did not comply with previous study outcomes due to limited silica fillers (17.5%).…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 95%
“…15 Previously, authors monitored and evaluated the bond strength and interaction of GO with dentine using silver tracers technique that provides a detailed spatial resolution of adhesive filtration in nano defects and inadequate polymerization. 9,12,16 The tracers pointed out the presence of nanometer porosities in the hybrid layer that are responsible for the nanoleakage between the bonds. Currently, Raman spectrum is considered as the tool to evaluate the structural information of hybrid layer, minute biochemical alteration and depth of resin infiltration in the hybrid layer.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, previous studies demonstrated that GO works in three different mechanisms to reduce the risk of secondary caries and enhance bond strength. 12,13 The 2D nanostructure of Graphene has the capability to wrap around the cells to reduce the fluid uptake and disrupt the cell structure through its knife structure. 14 In addition, it also acts through oxidative stress production under the influence of water.…”
Aim: The study aimed to assess graphene oxide (GO) adhesive and its dentin interaction using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), MicroRaman spectroscopy and Microtensile bond strength (μTBS). Materials and Methods: Experimental GOA and control adhesives (CA) were fabricated. Presence of GO within the experimental adhesive resin was assessed using SEM and Micro-Raman spectroscopy. Ninety specimens were prepared, sixty teeth were utilized for μTBS, twenty for SEM analysis of interface for CA and GOA and ten were assessed using microRaman spectroscopy. Each specimen was sectioned and exposed dentine was conditioned (35% phosphoric acid) for 10 s. The surface was coated twice with adhesive (15 s) and photopolymerized (20 s). Composite build-up on specimen was photo-polymerized. Among the bonded specimens, thirty specimen were assessed using Micro-Raman spectrometer, SEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), whereas remaining specimens were divided in to three sub-groups ( n = 10) based on the storage of 24 h, 8 weeks and 16 weeks. μTBS testing was performed at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min using a microtensile tester. The means of μ-tbs were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey multiple comparisons test. Results: No significant difference in μTBS of CA and GOA was observed. Storage time presented a significant interaction on the μTBS ( p < 0.01). The highest and lowest μTBS was evident in CA (30.47 (3.55)) at 24 h and CA (22.88 (3.61)) at 18 weeks. Micro-Raman analysis identified peaks of 1200 cm-1 to 1800 cm1, D and G bands of GO nanoparticles in the resin. Uniform distribution of graphene oxide nanoparticles was present at the adhesive and hybrid layer. Conclusion: GO showed interaction within adhesive and tooth dentin similar to CA, along with formation of hybrid layer. In ideal conditions (absence of nanoleakage), graphene oxide modified adhesive shows comparable bond strength and durability of resin dentine bond.
“…Moreover, studies have shown that incorporation of the GO in silica-based adhesive increases the bond strength due to their interaction. 12,13 However, the present study result did not comply with previous study outcomes due to limited silica fillers (17.5%).…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 95%
“…15 Previously, authors monitored and evaluated the bond strength and interaction of GO with dentine using silver tracers technique that provides a detailed spatial resolution of adhesive filtration in nano defects and inadequate polymerization. 9,12,16 The tracers pointed out the presence of nanometer porosities in the hybrid layer that are responsible for the nanoleakage between the bonds. Currently, Raman spectrum is considered as the tool to evaluate the structural information of hybrid layer, minute biochemical alteration and depth of resin infiltration in the hybrid layer.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, previous studies demonstrated that GO works in three different mechanisms to reduce the risk of secondary caries and enhance bond strength. 12,13 The 2D nanostructure of Graphene has the capability to wrap around the cells to reduce the fluid uptake and disrupt the cell structure through its knife structure. 14 In addition, it also acts through oxidative stress production under the influence of water.…”
Aim: The study aimed to assess graphene oxide (GO) adhesive and its dentin interaction using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), MicroRaman spectroscopy and Microtensile bond strength (μTBS). Materials and Methods: Experimental GOA and control adhesives (CA) were fabricated. Presence of GO within the experimental adhesive resin was assessed using SEM and Micro-Raman spectroscopy. Ninety specimens were prepared, sixty teeth were utilized for μTBS, twenty for SEM analysis of interface for CA and GOA and ten were assessed using microRaman spectroscopy. Each specimen was sectioned and exposed dentine was conditioned (35% phosphoric acid) for 10 s. The surface was coated twice with adhesive (15 s) and photopolymerized (20 s). Composite build-up on specimen was photo-polymerized. Among the bonded specimens, thirty specimen were assessed using Micro-Raman spectrometer, SEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), whereas remaining specimens were divided in to three sub-groups ( n = 10) based on the storage of 24 h, 8 weeks and 16 weeks. μTBS testing was performed at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min using a microtensile tester. The means of μ-tbs were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey multiple comparisons test. Results: No significant difference in μTBS of CA and GOA was observed. Storage time presented a significant interaction on the μTBS ( p < 0.01). The highest and lowest μTBS was evident in CA (30.47 (3.55)) at 24 h and CA (22.88 (3.61)) at 18 weeks. Micro-Raman analysis identified peaks of 1200 cm-1 to 1800 cm1, D and G bands of GO nanoparticles in the resin. Uniform distribution of graphene oxide nanoparticles was present at the adhesive and hybrid layer. Conclusion: GO showed interaction within adhesive and tooth dentin similar to CA, along with formation of hybrid layer. In ideal conditions (absence of nanoleakage), graphene oxide modified adhesive shows comparable bond strength and durability of resin dentine bond.
“…In an earlier study, Bin-Shuwaish et al, demonstrated that addition of GO particles could improve mechanical properties of adhesive [ 23 ]. Mei et al, in a similar previous study revealed that addition of 1 wt% GO-silica particles could improve the compressive strength of experimental adhesives [ 24 ]. This encouraged us to see the effect of incorporation of two different concentrations (0.5 wt% and 2 wt%) of GO particles on various properties of adhesive.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This encouraged us to see the effect of incorporation of two different concentrations (0.5 wt% and 2 wt%) of GO particles on various properties of adhesive. In line with these studies [ 23 , 24 ], we wanted to synthesize an adhesive with GO particles but in comparison, we also wanted to add HA particles in the adhesive first to utilize beneficial properties of these two nanomaterials (HA and GO).…”
The aim was to synthesize and characterize an adhesive incorporating HA and GO nanoparticles. Techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS), and micro-Raman spectroscopy were employed to investigate bond durability, presence of nanoparticles inside adhesive, and dentin interaction. Control experimental adhesive (CEA) was synthesized with 5 wt% HA. GO particles were fabricated and added to CEA at 0.5 wt% (HA-GO-0.5%) and 2 wt% GO (HA-GO-2%). Teeth were prepared to produce bonded specimens using the three adhesive bonding agents for assessment of μTBS, with and without thermocycling (TC). The adhesives were applied twice on the dentin with a micro-brush followed by air thinning and photo-polymerization. The HA and GO nanoparticles demonstrated uniform dispersion inside adhesive. Resin tags with varying depths were observed on SEM micrographs. The EDX mapping revealed the presence of carbon (C), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) in the two GO adhesives. For both TC and NTC samples, HA-GO-2% had higher μTBS and durability, followed by HA-GO-0.5%. The representative micro-Raman spectra demonstrated D and G bands for nano-GO particles containing adhesives. HA-GO-2% group demonstrated uniform diffusion in adhesive, higher μTBS, adequate durability, and comparable resin tag development to controls.
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