Graphene oxide incorporated thin-film composite membranes for forward osmosis applications

Enhanced performance of polyimide hybrid membranes for benzene separation by incorporating three-dimensional silver–graphene oxide

“…From TEM micrograph of hybrid membrane, GO with single layer and high surface polarity distributed homogenous in the PI polymer matrix [39] and it was consistent with the results in our former work [21]. The different morphologies of Ag-GO samples resulted in varied morphologies and performance of the three Ag-GO/PI hybrid membranes.…”

Improved performance of thin-film composite membrane with PVDF/PFSA substrate for forward osmosis process

“…All membrane samples were pre-pressured at 3.0 bar for 1 h with DI water before the stable test performance at 2.0 bar at ambient temperature. The detailed testing procedures were described in the previous work [18]. R s and B were measured using a 10 mM NaCl aqueous feed solution and calculated by Eqs.…”

“…The typical TFC membrane generally consists of two parts, namely a porous substrate with sufficient mechanical strength to achieve a high water flux and long-term stability, and a top polyamide (PA) selective layer formed via interfacial polymerization between the amine aqueous solution and the acyl chloride organic solution [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Over the past decades, many studies have been explored to optimize the selective layer with a uniform and dense morphology as well as a low fouling tendency, via changing the reactive monomers and additives [18][19][20]. 5 Relatively, studies on the support layer are not comprehensively investigated although it also plays a dominant role in determining the morphology of the selective layer and the performance of the resultant TFC membrane [21,22].…”

A review on organic–inorganic hybrid nanocomposite membranes: a versatile tool to overcome the barriers of forward osmosis

“…However, GO could not provide its full benets when it was buried inside the polymeric matrix. To take advantage of the excellent properties of GO, Shen et al 34 incorporated GO nanosheets with a polyamide active layer to fabricate a hybrid nanocomposite membrane for the FO process. This method utilized very little GO while attaining excellent performance, including high separation performance and water ux and decreased fouling propensity, by simply embedding a small quantity of GO into the support layer.…”