Graphene Oxide-Grafted Hybrid Diblock Copolymer Brush (GO-graft-PEG_6k-block-P(MA-POSS)) as Nanofillers for Enhanced Lithium Ion Conductivity of PEO-Based Nanocomposite Solid Polymer Electrolytes

Abstract

Nanocomposite solid polymer electrolytes (NSPEs) with PEO as the matrix and (i) GO or (ii) GO-graft-PEG 6k or (iii) GO-graft-PEG 6k -block-P(MA-POSS) as nanofillers have been fabricated to elucidate the impact of the filler morphology on the lithium ion conductivity. GO-graft-PEG 6k was obtained by grafting PEG 6k onto GO via esterification. GO-graft-PEG 6k -block-P(MA-POSS) was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed enhanced salt dissociation and complexation between the filler and PEO host that could be attributed to Lewis acid−base interactions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed the improved ion conductivity of the fabricated NSPEs as compared with the pristine PEO-LiClO 4 . As an example, at 50 °C, the ion conductivity increased to 4.01 × 10 −5 and 6.31 × 10 −5 S cm −1 with 0.3% GO and 0.3% GO-graft-PEG 6k , respectively, from 2.36 × 10 −5 S cm −1 of PEO-LiClO 4 , suggesting that the filler with brush-like architecture (GO-graft-PEG 6k ) is more efficient in enhancing the ion conductivity. Further increase in filler content resulted in lowering of the ion conductivity that could be ascribed to aggregation of the filler. The most dramatic impact on conductivity was observed with the incorporation of brush-like GO-graft-PEG 6k -block-P(MA-POSS) as a nanofiller (3.0 × 10 −4 S cm −1 at 50 °C with 1.0 wt % filler content). The increase in ion conductivity in the current systems, as opposed to the conventional view, could not be correlated with the content of the amorphous phase of the matrix. The conduction mechanism is still unclear; nevertheless, it could be assumed that in addition to the ion conduction through the PEO matrix, the filler forms additional low-energy ion conducting channels at its interface with the matrix. The pendent POSS nanocages of GO-graft-PEG 6k -block-P(MAPOSS) might probably increase the free volume at the interface with the matrix that is associated with higher chain and ion mobility, thus further enhancing the ion conductivity as compared with GO and GO-graft-PEG 6k . The faster ion dynamics in 1.0 wt % GO-graft-PEG 6k -block-P(MAPOSS) NSPEs has also been verified by the dielectric relaxation studies. Thus, integration of both the PEG and POSS nanocages into GO-grafted brush-like architecture offers a new tool for tuning the lithium ion conductivity for potential Li ion battery applications.

Grafting Polyethyleneimine–Poly(ethylene glycol) Gel onto a Heat-Resistant Polyimide Nanofiber Separator for Improving Lithium-Ion Transporting Ability in Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…As functional polymers for polymer-based solid-state electrolytes, polyethylene oxide (PEO) looks more attractive due to the tendency to form a stable complex with alkali metal salts, which can provide a higher ionic conductivity. − Meanwhile, PEO’s excellent electrolyte affinity and moderate swelling rate make it an outstanding gel polymer electrolyte that could lower the interfacial resistance between the electrode and electrolyte, providing better rate performance. Yet, these aliphatic polymers, like polyolefin components, still lack thermal and mechanical stabilities, which seriously hampers their practical applications at an elevated temperature. ,,− To overcome the defective ionic conductivity along with the safety issues under a high working temperature of the commercial polyolefin separators, coating a heat-labile but ionic conductive PEO polymer layer onto a heat-resistant and sturdy framework seems an effective way to obtain high-performance batteries. ,− …”

Nanocomposite Solid Polymer Electrolytes with Polymer Blend (PVDF‐HFP/Pluronic) as Matrix and GO as Nanofiller: Preparation, Structural Characterization, and Lithium‐Ion Conductivity Analysis

“…Recently, some of the co‐authors of this paper reported the NSPEs with PEO as the matrix and GO‐ graft ‐PEG‐ block ‐P(MA‐POSS) as the nanofiller. [ 39 ] A significant enhancement in ion conductivity was observed as compared with the PEO/GO‐ graft ‐PEG‐based NSPEs. Based on the reported literature, it can be stated that GO, due to its unique 2D structure and oxygen‐containing polar functional groups, has got a great potential as nanofiller in the design of NSPEs for high‐performance Li‐ion batteries.…”