Graphene oxide and base-washed graphene oxide as reinforcements in PMMA nanocomposites

“…The process provides an effective way to increase physical and mechanical performance of polymers (Miao and Hamad 2013;Siro and Plackett 2010). Typical reinforcing agents, including nanoclays (Gabr et al 2013;Plackett 2012), carbon nanofibers (Huang et al 2014), carbon nanotubes , reduced graphene oxide (Vallés et al 2013), silica nanoparticles (Song and Zheng 2013;Zhang et al 2013), have been widely studied. However, one drawback of these nanofillers is their nonrenewable nature, which leads to increased pressure to the global environment and energy resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/cellulose nanocrystals composites: rheological, hydrophilicity, thermal and mechanical properties

Zhang

Song

et al. 2015

Cellulose

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Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were used to improve the performance of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), and the composite properties were characterized. The results showed that the prepared nanocomposites displayed the increases in mechanical properties. In particular, with the incorporation of 6 wt% CNCs, increases in tensile strength and dynamic storage modulus were observed. For hydrophilicity, the water contact angle decreased from 90°to 77°with the incorporation of only 3 wt% CNCs, indicating improved hydrophilicity. Addition of CNCs to PVDF also helped improve its thermal stability and crystallinity. It was suggested that CNCs played a nucleating role in the crystallization of PVDF, which was supported by the smaller size of PVDF spherulite observed from scanning electron microscopy analysis. Rheological results indicated that incorporation of CNCs also increased both melt storage modulus and shear viscosity of composites. Overall, our present work demonstrates that CNCs can provide PVDF with simultaneously improved properties.

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“…However, to date, relatively few papers have been published on polymer/graphene nanocomposites manufactured solely via melt processing, i.e. without a solution-processing step to the composite formation procedure [10][11][12][13][14]. None of these papers have shown significant degrees of reinforcement at very low volume fraction (<0.1%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement in melt-processed polymer–graphene composites at extremely low graphene loading level

Istrate

Paton

Khan

et al. 2014

Carbon

140

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We have prepared polymer nanocomposites reinforced with exfoliated graphene layers solely via melt blending. For this study polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was chosen as the polymer matrix due to its myriad of current and potential applications. PET and PET/graphene nanocomposites were melt compounded on an internal mixer and the resulting materials were compression molded into films. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the graphene flakes were randomly orientated and well dispersed inside the polymer matrix. The PET/graphene nanocomposites were found to be characterized by superior mechanical properties as opposed to the neat PET. Thus, at a nanofiller load as low as 0.07 wt%, the novel materials presented an increase in the elastic modulus higher than 10% and an enhancement in the tensile strength of more than 40% compared to pristine PET.The improvements in the tensile strength were directly correlated to changes in elongation at break and indirectly correlated to the fracture initiation area. The enhancements observed in the mechanical properties of polymer/graphene nanocomposites achieved at low exfoliated graphene loadings and manufactured exclusively via melt mixing may open the door to industrial manufacturing of economical novel materials with superior stiffness, strength and ductility.3

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Graphene oxide and base-washed graphene oxide as reinforcements in PMMA nanocomposites

Cited by 77 publications

References 50 publications

The effect of flake diameter on the reinforcement of few-layer graphene–PMMA composites

The effect of flake diameter on the reinforcement of few-layer graphene–PMMA composites

Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/cellulose nanocrystals composites: rheological, hydrophilicity, thermal and mechanical properties

Reinforcement in melt-processed polymer–graphene composites at extremely low graphene loading level

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