Graphene Oxide Adsorption Enhanced by Attapulgite to Remove Pb (II) from Aqueous Solution

Abstract

To improve the adsorption and separation efficiency of lead-containing wastewater by graphene oxide (GO), attapulgite (ATP) was used through a simple hydrothermal reaction. The prepared GO was characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR, and XPS. The adsorption properties of the prepared GO were investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb 2+ on as-prepared GO at pH 5 and 25 • C was 450.9 mg/g. It is concluded that the as-prepared GO can be used as a high-efficiency adsorbent for lead-containing wastewater.

Facile synthesis of graphene oxide from graphite rods of recycled batteries by solution plasma exfoliation for removing Pb from water

“…Besides, another possible reason for performance degradation per cycle could be partial erosion of the GO surface in a strongly acidic environment. This obtained result is consistent with previous studies on Pb(II) adsorption 42,[72][73][74] and shows the recyclability and stability of the prepared materials.…”

Preparation and Characterization of Graphene Oxide for Pb(II) and Zn(II) Ions Adsorption from Aqueous Solution: Experimental, Thermodynamic and Kinetic Study

“…When analyzing the GO TEM in detail, clearly folded sheets were observed spatially towards the edge. On the other hand, the TEM photomicrograph for GO revealed a clear image of the arrangement of the atom in a hexagonal shape, which confirmed the typical arrangement of the atom for graphene [ 84 , 85 ]. In summary, it has been demonstrated by various techniques that it was possible to synthesize graphene oxide from graphite.…”

“…These imperfections were closely related to the existence of sp 3 hybridizing carbons that constituted hydroxyl or epoxy groups in the graphene oxide layers. In general, what the images indicated for Gr and GO was the presence of slightly wavy leaves, almost like “wrinkled leaves”, characteristics of Gr and GO, widely reported in the scientific literature [ 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 ]. This result verified what was found in analyses by other techniques so far discussed (XRD, Raman among others).…”

“…This means that the process of adsorption of ions on the GO surface involves a chemisorption mechanism, with a complexing reaction of the adsorbates on the surface of the adsorbent (GO). This result allows us to infer that the adsorption capacity is proportional to the number of active sites occupied on the GO surface [ 63 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 ]. When comparing the four graphs that represent the linear models, it is observed that they all increase as a function of time, except for the pseudo-first-order model, which decreased.…”

Selection of the Activated Carbon Type for the Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Fenton-Adsorption Process

“…Currently, other adsorbent materials have been synthesized and applied mainly for the removal of heavy metal and specific substances such as acetaminophen or bisphenol-A—for example, graphene oxides [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], carbon nanotubes [ 13 , 14 , 15 ] or adsorbent composites [ 16 , 17 ]. Furthermore, magnetized materials such as magnetic graphene oxide or iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle have been reported with good removal efficiency for humic acids in general (98% and 96%, respectively), among other contaminants [ 18 ].…”