Graphene Oxide Absorbers for Watt-Level High-Power Passive Mode-Locked Nd:GdVO$_{4}$ Laser Operating at 1 $\mu$m

Passive mode locking of ytterbium- and erbium-doped all-fiber lasers using graphene oxide saturable absorbers

“…The transmission of PVA film is almost flat with the transmittance of 93%. However, the transmission spectrum of GO/PVA-SA shows the monotonic wavelength-dependence in the spectral range from 800 nm to 2000 nm, which is a typical feature of GO and is similar to Refs [45] and [43]. It is caused by the oxygencontaining functional groups, which have larger absorption at short wavelength.…”

“…In [37], Xu et al deposited the GO on the broadband mirror as the reflective GOSAs. The saturation intensity of ~108 MW/cm 2 corresponds to the saturation fluence F sat ≈11.9 μJ/cm 2 if recovery time of 110 fs is used [44], which is less than the saturation fluence of 80 μJ/cm 2 in Ref [45], in which the GO were deposited on the quartz using vertical evaporation technique for solid-state laser. …”

“…Recently, graphene oxide saturable absorbers (GOSAs) have been used to generate passively mode-locked pulses in diode-pumped solid-state lasers and fiber lasers at 1 μm [44][45][46], as well as in fiber lasers near 1.5 μm [37, 43, 47] and 2 μm [48]. Li et al [46] report the all-normal-dispersion passively mode-locked ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) using a GO/PVA-SAs, but the shortest pulse duration they obtained was quite long of ~191 ps.…”

Three operation regimes with an L-band ultrafast fiber laser passively mode-locked by graphene oxide saturable absorber

“…This water-soluble property offers many more choices in preparing it for various applications. To make a SA device based on GO, different kinds of hosts or substrates had been demonstrated, such as polymer [20], solution [21], Si/SiO 2 [18], indium tin oxide [22], hydrophilic quartz [23,24], broadband reflective mirror [19,25], tapered fiber [26], and D-shaped fiber [27].…”

Watt-level Q-switched Nd:LuVO4laser based on a graphene oxide saturable absorber

“…Normally, graphene was fabricated using an expensive chemical vapor deposition method. The graphene was deposited on the surface of a catalyst and then transferred from the catalyst to the silica substrate with complicated procedures [7]. Besides, the impurity by adding surfactant during the fabrication of the graphene could increase the non-saturable losses and cause strong scattering in the film [8].…”