Graphene NanoPlatelet-based coating as thermal protection from high-power radiative fluxes

Cilento, Fabrizia; Leone, Claudio; Genna, Silvio; Giordano, M.; Martone, Alfonso

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.117157

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Thermal protection material (TPM) plays a crucial role for safe and reliable flying to withstand the aerodynamic heating at high Mach numbers. − With the rapid development of materials science and engineering, graphene is proposed to be one of the promising candidates as TPM due to its lightweight and excellent high-temperature thermophysical properties. − At high Mach numbers, the extremely high postshock temperature would dissociate the surrounding air into a mixture of atomic and molecular components in a highly thermochemical nonequilibrium state, which greatly affects the subsequent thermal chemical reactions of the graphene interface. However, the complicated physical and chemical behaviors of graphene under hypersonic flow conditions remain unclear, especially in highly thermochemical nonequilibrium flows, which limits its further applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hyperthermal Hybrid Gas Composition on the Interfacial Oxidation and Nitridation Mechanisms of Graphene Sheet

Cao,

Ye,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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Graphene is one of the most promising thermal protection materials for high-speed aircraft due to its lightweight and excellent thermophysical properties. At high Mach numbers, the extremely high postshock temperature would dissociate the surrounding air into a mixture of atomic and molecular components in a highly thermochemical nonequilibrium state, which greatly affects the subsequent thermal chemical reactions of the graphene interface. Through establishing a reactive gas−solid interface model, the reactive molecular dynamics method is employed in this study to reveal the influences of the thermochemical nonequilibrium gas mixture on the thermal oxidation and nitridation mechanisms of graphene sheet. The results show that three distinctive stages can be recognized during bombardment of various nonequilibrium gas components toward the graphene sheet: (i) collision and surface adsorption stage, (ii) gas−solid heterogeneous reaction stage, and (iii) gas phase homogeneous reaction stage. The surface catalysis effect is found to be dominant during the first two stages, which can influence the following ablation behavior of graphene significantly at high-temperature conditions. Moreover, surface catalysis, oxidation, nitridation, and ablation mechanisms between nonequilibrium gas and graphene interface are revealed, which is of high relevance for future interfacial design and application of graphene as a thermal protection material.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hyperthermal Hybrid Gas Composition on the Interfacial Oxidation and Nitridation Mechanisms of Graphene Sheet

Cao,

Ye,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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“…These nanoparticles are promising nanomaterials in gas-or liquid-barrier applications because graphene sheets do not allow the diffusion of small gases or liquids through their plane. To fulfil this function, films with special architecture can be employed as lightweight protective coatings for composites [30]. Nanoarchitectures with a high level of nanoplatelet orientation and high nanofiller content (>50 vol%) ensure a high tortuosity factor, resulting in high barrier and low permeability properties [31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphite Nanoplatelets Nanostructured Films as Multifunctional Protective Layer in Kevlar/Nomex Sandwich Composites

Cilento,

Palmieri,

Giusto

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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In the aerospace sector, structural and non-structural composite components are usually subjected to a wide range of environmental conditions. Among all, moisture can seriously damage these materials’ performance, reducing their mechanical, thermal, electrical, and physical properties as well as their service time. Lightweight protective barrier coatings capable of reducing the diffusion of gases and/or liquids in a material can improve the material’s resistance in humid environments. In this work, nanolamellar nanocomposites characterized by a high in-plane orientation of nanoplatelets have been employed as protective coatings for Kevlar sandwich panels, reproducing the construction of a nacelle engine. The effectiveness of the protection against water uptake of nanocomposites reinforced with graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) at high filler contents (70, 80 and 90 wt%) has been investigated using moisture uptake and Ground-Air-Ground (GAG) tests in an environmental chamber. GNP coatings effectively work as barrier by generating highly tortuous paths for molecule diffusion. Results showed a dependence of the absorption on the coating composition and inner structure. Films @70 wt% GNPs showed the best protection against moisture uptake by delaying the phenomenon and reducing the absorption by −80% after 3 days and −35% after 41 days.

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Copper‐graphene coatings for improving thermal shielding of CFRPs through electrodeposition techniques

Genna,

Salvi,

Ucciardello

2024

Polymer Composites

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Today, carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) are materials of interest several industrial sectors because of their mechanical properties and low weight. However, applications in high‐temperature areas are limited because of thermal degradation. Thus, thin coatings acting as thermal shielding and ensuring the upkeep of CFRP structural stiffness are of high interest. This work presents an innovative approach to produce copper/graphene bilayer coatings through electrodeposition and electrophoretic deposition; it consists of laser pre‐treatment of the composite surface to remove the matrix layer exposing the carbon fibers, enabling the subsequent deposition. Bi‐layer graphene/copper coatings exhibit an enhancement in copper electrodeposition efficiency of more than 59% resulting in a 97% stiffness improvement compared to the single layer copper electroplating. All the obtained coatings were able to act as a thermal shield of the CFRPs, reducing the maximum temperature of the composite by more than 60%. In particular, due to the synergistic effect of copper and graphene, the GNPs‐Cu coating achieved the highest maximum temperature reduction (81%). Cross‐sectional analysis indicates severe delamination in uncoated CFRPs, whereas double‐layer coatings maintain structural integrity and prevent delamination even under high‐energy exposure. In addition, the coated composites exhibit a higher electrical conductivity compared to the laser cleaned CFRP, with the GNPs‐Cu coating that obtained a 90% enhancement because of the outstanding electrical properties of copper and graphene.Highlights The laser cleaning pretreatment allows the electrodepositions on CFRPs. The GNP‐Cu scenario achieves the highest deposition efficiency. A 97% stiffness improvement was achieved by GNPs‐Cu scenario. GNPs‐Cu coatings exhibit the utmost reduction in resistivity (98%). The GNPs‐Cu coating achieves the highest thermal shielding performance (81%).

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Graphene NanoPlatelet-based coating as thermal protection from high-power radiative fluxes

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Effect of Hyperthermal Hybrid Gas Composition on the Interfacial Oxidation and Nitridation Mechanisms of Graphene Sheet

Effect of Hyperthermal Hybrid Gas Composition on the Interfacial Oxidation and Nitridation Mechanisms of Graphene Sheet

Graphite Nanoplatelets Nanostructured Films as Multifunctional Protective Layer in Kevlar/Nomex Sandwich Composites

Copper‐graphene coatings for improving thermal shielding of CFRPs through electrodeposition techniques

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