Graphene nanocrystals in CO₂photoreduction with H₂O for fuel production

Abstract

Graphene nanocrystals can utilize solar light and are valuable in cases where electricity is lacking due to their chemical stability during the photocatalytic process, low cost and non-toxicity.

Single PEDOT Catalyst Boosts CO2 Photoreduction Efficiency

“…As semiconductors, CPs possess a wide light absorption range and photostability in the ultraviolet–visible–near-IR (UV–vis–NIR) region that is easily controlled by doping/dedoping treatments and further enhanced by wide-ranging nanostructures . Growing interest in CPs has prompted recent studies on CO 2 photoreduction using polyaniline (PANi) and polypyrrole (PPy), , unfortunately the low electrical conductivity of these polymers results in low photoreduction efficiency. Poly­(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) exhibits high mobility of photogenerated electrons/holes and is widely recognized as the most stable conductive CP (7600 S/cm) thus potentially serving as an ideal CO 2 photoreduction catalyst.…”

Transforming the Petroleum Industry through Catalytic Oxidation Reactions vis-à-vis Preceramic Polymer Catalyst Supports

“…Many areas of material and chemical science, such as solar cell supercapacitors and fuel cells, have also focused on catalysts with preceramic polymers as support. − Catalysts have emerged as one of the most appropriate carrier materials and electron collectors for increasing the separation and transfer of photoinduced charge carriers due to their large specific surface area, chemical stability, and high charge carrier mobility. The use of single atom metals in stimulating the dissociative adsorption of methanol and methane has been established in a recent study, with an emphasis on preceramic polymer and the likes as support. ,− Due to their large absorption range in the visible light section and long carrier diffusion length, single-atom catalysts using preceramic polymers as support have also been brought to attention for their optoelectronic applications …”

“…The use of single atom metals in stimulating the dissociative adsorption of methanol and methane has been established in a recent study, with an emphasis on preceramic polymer and the likes as support. 167 , 198 − 201 Due to their large absorption range in the visible light section and long carrier diffusion length, single-atom catalysts using preceramic polymers as support have also been brought to attention for their optoelectronic applications. 269 …”

Progress in Development of Photocatalytic Processes for Synthesis of Fuels and Organic Compounds under Outdoor Solar Light

“…33,34 Finally, the structure and morphology of a catalyst itself are other determining factors for selectivity, as CO 2 and water need to be adsorbed first on its surface prior to be photoactivated, and distribution of local charges and vacancies is crucial in this matter. 35 Common heterogeneous catalysts currently studied for carbon dioxide photoreduction include metal (primarily copper) oxides and chalcogenides systems, 36,37 carbon nitrides, 38 graphene materials, 39 MOFs, 40 and MXene-based cocatalytic tandems. 41 Recent studies 42 propose a key role of solar energetics in solving the CO 2 -fixation problem by converting it into methanol or longer atom chain carbohydrates, such as Fischer−Tropsch fuels (directly as C2+ fraction or via syngas) and polymers.…”