Graphene–MoO2 hierarchical nanoarchitectures: in situ reduction synthesis and high rate cycling performance as lithium-ion battery anodes

Abstract

Hierarchical nanoarchitectures constructed by MoO 2 nanocrystalfunctionalized graphene were fabricated through an in situ reduction process. As an anode, even at a 10C (0.1 h per half cycle) charging-discharging rate, the reversible capacity is much higher than the theoretical capacity of graphite. Thus, rapid charging-discharging of the anodes is achieved by the nanoarchitectures.

Growth, characterization and performance of bulk and nanoengineered molybdenum oxides for electrochemical energy storage and conversion

“…MoO2 has been synthesized using various techniques [469]: template method [455,[470][471][472][473], hydrothermal method [467,[474][475][476][477][478], reduction of MoO3 [479][480][481], soft chemistry route [464,465,482], spray pyrolysis [483][484][485], carbothermal reaction [486], ion-exchange route [487], and so on. Traditionally, molybdenum dioxide is prepared by reducing MoO3 with hydrogen at high temperature and the product grows as micrometer size [479,480].…”

“…Significantly, the composite can also deliver a reversible capacity of as high as1009 mAh g −1 after 60 charge/discharge cycles. Chen et al [481] reported the electrochemical properties of hierarchical nanocomposites including MoO2 nanocrystal-functionalized graphene synthesized by in-situ reduction process. The discharge capacity is still up to 997 mAh g −1 after 50 cycles and 370 mAh g −1 after 200 cycles at 10C rate.…”

Carbon-coated MoO2 dispersed in three-dimensional graphene aerogel for lithium-ion battery

“…In order to overcome this problem, MoO 2 with different morphology have been synthesized, such as MoO 2 nanospheres, [13] ordered mesoporous MoO 2 , [3] tremella-like MoO 2 , [11] MoO 2 nanoparticles, [12] MoO 2 nanofibers [14] and ultrafine MoO 2 nanosheets. [15] Besides, carbonaceous materials such as amorphous carbon, [13,16] carbon nanotubes (CNT) [17,18] and graphene [19][20][21] have been used to incorporate with MoO 2 . Among these carbon materials, the amorhous carbon with good conductivity can improve the conductivity of MoO 2 .…”

3D graphene supported MoO2 for high performance binder-free lithium ion battery

“…[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] However, MoO 2 has poor capacity retention due to its signicant volume changes during lithiation and delithiation process. 25,26 A common strategy to reduce the volume change is to incorporate MoO 2 with carbonaceous conductive additives such as amorphous carbon, 12,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33] carbon nanotubes (CNT), 34 graphite oxide 35 and graphene. 25,26,[36][37][38][39] Amongst these carbon materials, graphene is highly attractive as it offers large specic surface area and high electron mobility, which greatly improve lithium ion diffusion kinetics.…”