Graphene Growth by Conversion of Aromatic Self‐Assembled Monolayers

Turchanin, Andrey

doi:10.1002/andp.201700168

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(175 reference statements)

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“…In the first growth step, Figure a (i), 4-(4-thiophenyl)pyridine (TPP) (b), 4-(1 H -pyrrole-1-yl)thiophenol (PTP) (c), or 4-(2,5-dimethyl-1 H -pyrrole-1-yl)thiophenol (DPTP) (d) compounds form a SAM on a copper substrate by vapor deposition (VD) under vacuum. In the second step, Figure a (ii), low-energy electron irradiation induced cross-linking converts the SAM into a molecular nanosheet: a carbon nanomembrane (CNM). − CNMs have been fabricated from different molecules, and their structure and mechanical, optical, and electrical behavior can be engineered in this way. − The vacuum pyrolysis results in their conversion into graphene. ,− For the N-containing molecules (TPP, PTP, DPTP, Figure b) investigated in this study, we show that for a low pyrolysis temperature T p 1 nitrogen-doped nanocrystalline graphene is formed, Figure a (iii). By increasing the temperature to T p 2 , the recrystallization of the graphene sheet leads to the formation of nanopores by extrusion of the nitrogen atoms, Figure a (iv).…”

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confidence: 74%

Bottom-Up Synthesis of Graphene Monolayers with Tunable Crystallinity and Porosity

et al. 2019

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We present a method for a bottom-up synthesis of atomically thin graphene sheets with tunable crystallinity and porosity using aromatic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as molecular precursors. To this end, we employ SAMs with pyridine and pyrrole constituents on polycrystalline copper foils and convert them initially into molecular nanosheetscarbon nanomembranes (CNMs)via low-energy electron irradiation induced cross-linking and then into graphene monolayers via pyrolysis. As the nitrogen atoms are leaving the nanosheets during pyrolysis, nanopores are generated in the formed single-layer graphene. We elucidate the structural changes upon the cross-linking and pyrolysis down to the atomic scale by complementary spectroscopy and microscopy techniques including X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopy, low energy electron diffraction, atomic force, helium ion, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and electrical transport measurements. We demonstrate that the crystallinity and porosity of the formed graphene can be adjusted via the choice of molecular precursors and pyrolysis temperature, and we present a kinetic growth model quantitatively describing the conversion of molecular CNMs into graphene. The synthesized nanoporous graphene monolayers resemble a percolated network of graphene nanoribbons with a high charge carrier mobility (∼600 cm2/(V s)), making them attractive for implementations in electronic field-effect devices.

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confidence: 74%

Bottom-Up Synthesis of Graphene Monolayers with Tunable Crystallinity and Porosity

et al. 2019

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“…Derivatizing a substrate with SAMs of organic molecules with tailored end groups is an effective approach to controlling the surface properties of a substrate because it only requires minimal amounts of chemicals to totally alter the surface properties of the substrate. SAMs have aroused enormous interest in interdisciplinary research areas as diversified as the molecular engineering of surfaces [5,6], materials science [7,8] and organic electronics [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Analyses of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Octadecyltrimethoxysilane on SiO2 Substrate

Nie

Jahangiri-Famenini²

2022

Applied Sciences

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The self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of organosilanes formed on an oxide substrate are thought to have a polymerized –Si–O–Si– network due to the homocondensation of silanols of hydrolyzed silane headgroups, which is the most significant difference in the SAMs of organosilanes in comparison with those of alkanethoils and organophsosphonic acids. In order to explore the interface chemistry of organosilane SAMs, surface-sensitive time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) was used to compare ion fragmentation differences between the SAMs of octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) formed on a SiO2 substrate and free OTMS molecules, as well as oxide substrate. The ability of ToF-SIMS to verify the hydrolysis of the methoxy groups of OTMS molecules and to assess the polymerized –Si–O–Si– network in their SAMs was demonstrated, which shows that ToF-SIMS provides unique information to help us understand the interface chemistry of OTMS SAMs formed on oxides.

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“…Chen et al also fabricated a graphite electrode by irradiating PMMA film on a SiO 2 /Si substrate, to construct a high-resolution graphitized nanostructure with the help of the post-annealing process [ 17 ]. Furthermore, Andrey Turchanin et al proposed a route based on the conversion of organic self-assembled monolayers for high-quality graphene nanostructures [ 18 ]. By adjusting production conditions, graphene nanostructure sheets can be altered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable Fabrication of Graphene Nanostructure Based on e-Beam Irradiation of PMMA/Copper Composite Structure

Geng

et al. 2021

Materials

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Graphene nanostructures are widely perceived as a promising material for fundamental components; their high-performance electronic properties offer the potential for the construction of graphene nanoelectronics. Numerous researchers have paid attention to the fabrication of graphene nanostructures, based on both top-down and bottom-up approaches. However, there are still some unavoidable challenges, such as smooth edges, uniform films without folds, and accurate dimension and location control. In this work, a direct writing method was reported for the in-situ preparation of a high-resolution graphene nanostructure of controllable size (the minimum feature size is about 15 nm), which combines the advantages of e-beam lithography and copper-catalyzed growth. By using the Fourier infrared absorption test, we found that the hydrogen and oxygen elements were disappearing due to knock-on displacement and the radiolysis effect. The graphene crystal is also formed via diffusion and the local heating effect between the e-beam and copper substrate, based on the Raman spectra test. This simple process for the in-situ synthesis of graphene nanostructures has many promising potential applications, including offering a way to make nanoelectrodes, NEMS cantilever resonant structures, nanophotonic devices and so on.

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Graphene Growth by Conversion of Aromatic Self‐Assembled Monolayers

Cited by 9 publications

References 73 publications

Bottom-Up Synthesis of Graphene Monolayers with Tunable Crystallinity and Porosity

Bottom-Up Synthesis of Graphene Monolayers with Tunable Crystallinity and Porosity

Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Analyses of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Octadecyltrimethoxysilane on SiO2 Substrate

Reliable Fabrication of Graphene Nanostructure Based on e-Beam Irradiation of PMMA/Copper Composite Structure

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