Graphene grafted with polyethyleneimine for enhanced shale inhibition in the water-based drilling fluid

Saleh, Tawfik A.; Rana, Azeem; Arfaj, Mohammed K.

doi:10.1016/j.enmm.2020.100348

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…graphene and acrylic acid) has also been employed to improve clay‐rich shales, and these studies proved that the amine functionalities bind with the surface of clays to restrict hydration. [ 34,35 ] Silica nanoparticles with various functionalities have proven their ability to change the clay surface structure, confirmed that wettability is one of the most important factors inhibiting shale swelling in water‐based drilling fluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Impervious synthetic layered silicates coating to restrict the swelling of clay‐rich shales

Santra

2021

Can J Chem Eng

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An incremental demand towards the use of water‐based fluids for drilling oil and gas wells has generated numerous challenges in the field of shale inhibition characteristics. One of the major problems associated with the use of water‐based drilling fluids is the interaction of water with clay‐rich shales that leads to hydration and swelling of reactive clays. We have developed functionalized nanoplatelets composed of amine functionalities anchored on the nanometre‐thick magnesium silicates (LMS‐NH2). A facile synthetic approach was employed to synthesize lab‐scale quantity of LMS‐NH2 through combination of sol–gel and precipitation techniques. The structural characterization was conducted using powder X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis to evaluate generation of anticipated LMS‐NH2. Shale stabilization characteristics of LMS‐NH2 were tested and compared with other commercial shale inhibitors. Clay swelling and clay dispersion tests were performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the impermeable coating of nano‐platelets on to the clay‐rich shales. The LMS‐NH2 demonstrated 87% recovery of swellable shales after dispersion tests. The microscopic study conducted on shales revealed the formation of inorganic film, which provide impervious coating to protect the water‐susceptible clays. The linear swelling measurements were also performed to understand the effectiveness of LMS‐NH2 over 72 h. LMS‐NH2 demonstrated linear swelling of 31.7% when compared with drilling fluid without shale inhibitor. The newly developed inhibitor in the current study has outperformed conventional shale inhibitors (a 18.7% reduction in linear swelling), wherein the presence of inorganic constituents aids stronger film formation compared to solely organic inhibitors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Impervious synthetic layered silicates coating to restrict the swelling of clay‐rich shales

Santra

2021

Can J Chem Eng

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“…The PEI-Gr intercalated with the clay and form a protective coating that introduced the hydrophobicity. Therefore, the shale material treated with PEI-Gr displayed 90% recovery after 24 h, compared to 5% in KCl and 14% in base mud . In our recently published work, glucopyranose-modified graphene (Glu-Gr) was employed as an efficient shale inhibitor.…”

Section: Performance Of Cnps and Cenfs-based Drilling Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the shale material treated with PEI-Gr displayed 90% recovery after 24 h, compared to 5% in KCl and 14% in base mud. 100 In our recently published work, glucopyranose-modified graphene (Glu-Gr) was employed as an efficient shale inhibitor. The environmentally friendly shale inhibitor demonstrated better thermal stability of the modified clay and a decrease in d-spacing due to intercalation.…”

Section: Performance Of Cnps and Cenfs-based Drilling Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Carbon Nanostructures and Nanocellulose as Additives for Efficient Drilling Fluids: Trends and Future Perspective—A Review

2021

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The continuously growing universal demand for energy and declining production is fascinating the research community to invent novel technologies. The oil and gas industry is not only focusing on the discovery of unexplored reserves but also converging to the irrecoverable hydrocarbon reserves. For this purpose, a clear understanding of the vital features of drilling fluid can help to design drilling fluid of selective nature that can overcome the major issues come across during the oil and gas drilling operation. The stability of the drilling fluid under extremely high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) and the environmental footprint during the oil recovery process are major issues. To get stable, simpler, and more economical drilling fluids, a wide variety of nanomaterials have been widely evaluated under varying conditions. The carbon-based nanomaterials demonstrate the unprecedented physicochemical features that are considered very crucial for the smart drilling fluid formulation. The carbon-based nanoparticles (CNPs) are relatively new in the drilling technology, and they are not implemented up to their maximum potential. Several researchers have explored CNPs, their derivatives, and composites to formulate drilling fluid with required features. The resultant fluid system demonstrates better rheological features, friction reduction, low environmental impact, and greater stability under HTHP drilling conditions. However, there are still challenging aspects that must be addressed to take full advantage of the capabilities of CNPs. The present work is a comprehensive review of the recent progress in fluid systems based on carbon nanomaterials, because of their huge impact on the drilling fluid rheology and environmentally friendly nature. The nature of carbon-based nanomaterials, size, shape, and concentration are critically evaluated and discussed in the current article. Finally, this review paper identifies the opportunities for future research of the nanocarbon-based drilling fluids and their applications in the gas and oil exploration sector has been discussed.

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“…For fluid-loss-control, a combination of large-flake GO and powdered GO in a 3:1 ratio reduces the average fluid loss of a water-based mud from 7.2 to 6.1 mL over 30 min, yet reducing the filter cake thickness from ∼280 to ∼20 μm when compared to a standard suspension of clays and polymers . For shale inhibition, polyethyleneimine-modified graphene and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) have both been shown effective when added into water-based mud. − Besides the aforesaid function-oriented benefits, graphene-based additives have also been shown to be effective in improving the antifriction and antiwear performance of water-based mud systems. A nanographene-engineered additive is able to deliver a torque reduction in a water-based salt polymer mud system by 70–80% .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-Based Aqueous Drilling Muds as Efficient, Durable, and Environmentally Friendly Alternatives for Oil-Based Muds

Zheng

Asif

Amiri

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Despite intense studies for numerous scenarios, the potential of graphene as a lubricant additive for oil and gas drilling applications remains rarely investigated. This study investigates the influence of graphene on the tribological performance of three different aqueous drilling fluids: distilled water(DW)-, artificial seawater (KCl brine)-, and potassium chloride (KCl) polymer water-based muds. The presence of graphene resulted in remarkably improved lubricity and wear-resistance in different drilling fluids. Specifically, pure distilled water demonstrated an excessive coefficient of friction (COF) of 1.30, while its mixture with 1.25− 5.0 wt % graphene delivered COF values as low as 0.21, showing a reduction in friction by 70−85% and wear by 66−90%. As the graphene content increased in the KCl polymer water-based mud, the effectiveness of graphene in improving the lubricity and wearresistance attenuated consistently. For saturated KCl brine, graphene in the same concentration range reduced the COF from 0.62 to 0.25, representing 46−60% reduction in COF and 23−61% reduction in wear. For KCl polymer water-based mud, the addition of graphene in the same concentration range was able to reduce the COF from 0.49 to a minimum of 0.33, representing a reduction in COF and wear by 22−33 and 68−98%, respectively. The higher tribological improvement of the graphene/distilled water is attributed to the filling of the abrasive grooves with graphene sheets. On the other hand, the presence of small particles in KCl brineand KCl polymer water-based mud on the wear tracks prevents this phenomenon, causing lower tribological enhancements compared to distilled water. A possible explanation for the low friction and wear reduction is that the graphene, as a two-dimensional material, shears easily at the sliding contact interface. Furthermore, in the absence of abrasive micro−nanoparticles, the filling of the grooves with graphene sheets intensifies the tribological improvements.

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Graphene grafted with polyethyleneimine for enhanced shale inhibition in the water-based drilling fluid

Cited by 28 publications

References 44 publications

Impervious synthetic layered silicates coating to restrict the swelling of clay‐rich shales

Impervious synthetic layered silicates coating to restrict the swelling of clay‐rich shales

Advances in Carbon Nanostructures and Nanocellulose as Additives for Efficient Drilling Fluids: Trends and Future Perspective—A Review

Graphene-Based Aqueous Drilling Muds as Efficient, Durable, and Environmentally Friendly Alternatives for Oil-Based Muds

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