Graphene Field Effect Transistor-Based Immunosensor for Ultrasensitive Noncompetitive Detection of Small Antigens

Kanai, Yasushi; Ohmuro‐Matsuyama, Yuki; Tanioku, Masami; Ushiba, Shota; Ono, Tetsuya; Inoue, Kōichi; Kitaguchi, Tetsuya; Kimura, Masahiko; Ueda, Hiroshi; Matsumoto, Kazuhiko

doi:10.1021/acssensors.9b02137

Cited by 65 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Graphene, a one atom-thick large area 2D carbon material, has excellent chemical and physical properties in biosensing, such as good biocompatibility, strong interaction with biomolecules through π-π stacking and high intrinsic carrier mobility [ [29] , [30] , [31] ]. Many efforts have recently been devoted to the Gr-FET biosensors for highly sensitive and label-free cancer and virus protein detection [ 25 , 32 , 33 ]. The key is to improve the sensitivity and stability of the Gr-FET biosensors for the practical applications widely, as well as the understanding of sensing mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene oxide-graphene Van der Waals heterostructure transistor biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 protein detection

Gao

Chu

Han

et al. 2022

Talanta

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The current outbreaking of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic threatens global health and has caused serious concern. Currently there is no specific drug against SARS-CoV-2, therefore, a fast and accurate diagnosis method is an urgent need for the diagnosis, timely treatment and infection control of COVID-19 pandemic. In this work, we developed a field effect transistor (FET) biosensor based on graphene oxide-graphene (GO/Gr) van der Waals heterostructure for selective and ultrasensitive SARS-CoV-2 proteins detection. The GO/Gr van der Waals heterostructure was in-situ formed in the microfluidic channel through π-π stacking. The developed biosensor is capable of SARS-CoV-2 proteins detection within 20 min in the large dynamic range from 10 fg/mL to 100 pg/mL with the limit of detection of as low as ∼8 fg/mL, which shows ∼3 × sensitivity enhancement compared with Gr-FET biosensor. The performance enhancement mechanism was studied based on the transistor-based biosensing theory and experimental results, which is mainly attributed to the enhanced SARS-CoV-2 capture antibody immobilization density due to the introduction of the GO layer on the graphene surface. The spiked SARS-CoV-2 protein samples in throat swab buffer solution were tested to confirm the practical application of the biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 proteins detection. The results indicated that the developed GO/Gr van der Waals heterostructure FET biosensor has strong selectivity and high sensitivity, providing a potential method for SARS-CoV-2 fast and accurate detection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene oxide-graphene Van der Waals heterostructure transistor biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 protein detection

Gao

Chu

Han

et al. 2022

Talanta

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“…Moreover, substantial efforts have been made to produce chemical vapor deposition (CVD)grown graphene, which makes large-area and high-quality graphene sheets available to everyone [9]. Therefore, solution-gated graphene FETs (SG-GFETs) have achieved considerable high sensitivity, and can be employed for the detection of analytes in solutions, such as ions [10][11][12], proteins [13], viruses [14], and bacteria [15,16]. However, SG-GFETs feature an inherent drawback, known as sensor drift or baseline drift, in ISFETs and SG-GFETs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drift Suppression of Solution-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistors by Cation Doping for Sensing Platforms

Miyakawa

Shinagawa

Kajiwara

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Solution-gated graphene field-effect transistors (SG-GFETs) provide an ideal platform for sensing biomolecules owing to their high electron/hole mobilities and 2D nature. However, the transfer curve often drifts in an electrolyte solution during measurements, making it difficult to accurately estimate the analyte concentration. One possible reason for this drift is that p-doping of GFETs is gradually countered by cations in the solution, because the cations can permeate into the polymer residue and/or between graphene and SiO2 substrates. Therefore, we propose doping sufficient cations to counter p-doping of GFETs prior to the measurements. For the pre-treatment, GFETs were immersed in a 15 mM sodium chloride aqueous solution for 25 h. The pretreated GFETs showed that the charge neutrality point (CNP) drifted by less than 3 mV during 1 h of measurement in a phosphate buffer, while the non-treated GFETs showed that the CNP was severely drifted by approximately 50 mV, demonstrating a 96% reduction of the drift by the pre-treatment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed the accumulation of sodium ions in the GFETs through pre-treatment. Our method is useful for suppressing drift, thus allowing accurate estimation of the target analyte concentration.

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“…Using the above techniques, not only do we induce a gap in the band structure of the graphene, but we are able to tune the gap. Graphene has potential for many applications, such as graphene field effect transistor (GFET) [20][21][22][23][24], photonic devices such as photodetectors [25][26][27][28][29][30], phototransistors [31][32][33], and mode-locked lasers [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thereafter, researchers work extensively on graphene and its derivatives for sensory activities based on piezoelectric effects [37][38][39][40], optical effects [41][42][43], surface phenomenon [44][45][46], and others. The contemporary graphene sensor technology is mostly based on a GFET [20,23,47]. GFETs are reported for sensing several chemical/biomolecules such as OH ions [48], monosodium L-glutamate [49], Escherichia coli (E. coli) [50], ethanol [51], glucose [52], hydrogen gas [53], exosomes [54], and nitrogen-based gases [55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Modelling of Bandgap Engineered Graphene FET with the Application in Sensing Methanethiol Biomarker

Singh

Sohi

Kahrizi

2021

Sensors

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In this work, we have designed and simulated a graphene field effect transistor (GFET) with the purpose of developing a sensitive biosensor for methanethiol, a biomarker for bacterial infections. The surface of a graphene layer is functionalized by manipulation of its surface structure and is used as the channel of the GFET. Two methods, doping the crystal structure of graphene and decorating the surface by transition metals (TMs), are utilized to change the electrical properties of the graphene layers to make them suitable as a channel of the GFET. The techniques also change the surface chemistry of the graphene, enhancing its adsorption characteristics and making binding between graphene and biomarker possible. All the physical parameters are calculated for various variants of graphene in the absence and presence of the biomarker using counterpoise energy-corrected density functional theory (DFT). The device was modelled using COMSOL Multiphysics. Our studies show that the sensitivity of the device is affected by structural parameters of the device, the electrical properties of the graphene, and with adsorption of the biomarker. It was found that the devices made of graphene layers decorated with TM show higher sensitivities toward detecting the biomarker compared with those made by doped graphene layers.

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Graphene Field Effect Transistor-Based Immunosensor for Ultrasensitive Noncompetitive Detection of Small Antigens

Cited by 65 publications

References 40 publications

Graphene oxide-graphene Van der Waals heterostructure transistor biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 protein detection

Graphene oxide-graphene Van der Waals heterostructure transistor biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 protein detection

Drift Suppression of Solution-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistors by Cation Doping for Sensing Platforms

Finite Element Modelling of Bandgap Engineered Graphene FET with the Application in Sensing Methanethiol Biomarker

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