Graphene/epoxy interleaves for delamination toughening and monitoring of crack damage in carbon fibre/epoxy composite laminates

Du, Xusheng; Zhou, Helezi; Sun, Wei; Liu, Hong-Yuan; Zhou, Guangnan; Zhou, Huamin; Mai, Yiu‐Wing

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.12.028

Cited by 141 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The present GFRP composites containing CNFs show a relatively large resistance change for the same crack increment (i.e. ∆a/(L-a 0 )) compared to the recently reported carbon fibre/epoxy composites containing graphene/epoxy interleaves by Du et al [47]. However, it should be noted that the change in electrical resistivity depends on the fibre type (e.g.…”

Section: In-situ Resistance Measurements During the Dcb Fracture Testsupporting

confidence: 54%

Aligning carbon nanofibres in glass-fibre/epoxy composites to improve interlaminar toughness and crack-detection capability

Ladani

Ravindran

et al. 2017

Composites Science and Technology

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An electric field is used to align carbon nanofibres (CNFs) in the matrix of a glass-fibre reinforced-polymer (GFRP) composite to simultaneously improve the (a) delamination toughness, (b) electrical conductivity, and (c) damage-sensing capability. The CNFs are added to the epoxy resin prior to the manufacture of the GFRP composites. To align the CNFs, an alternating current (AC) electric field of 30 V/mm at 10 kHz is applied across the GFRP sheet throughout the matrix-curing process. The electromechanical force induced by the electric field, applied in the through-thickness direction of the composite sheet, rotates and aligns the CNFs in the direction of the applied electric field prior to the gelation of the epoxy matrix. After curing, the resultant aligned, ‘chain-like’, microstructure of the CNFs in the epoxy matrix significantly enhances both the interlaminar fracture toughness and the through-thickness electrical conductivity of the GFRP composite. Specifically, the addition of 0.7 vol% of randomly-orientated CNFs in the GFRP composite yielded an ∼50% and 25% increase in the values of the mode I fracture toughness pertinent to the initiation, GIci, and steady-state growth, GIcss, of delamination crack, respectively, compared to the control GFRP composite. The alignment of the CNFs, in the transverse direction to the direction of the crack growth, increases the mode I toughness values of GIci and GIcss by ∼100% and ∼80%, respectively, compared to the control GFRP composite. These significant increases are attributable to multiple toughening mechanisms, including debonding of the CNFs from the matrix, void growth of the epoxy matrix, pull-out and rupture of the CNFs. Further, the electric-field induced alignment of the CNFs, in the through-thickness direction, increases the out-of-plane electrical conductivity of the GFRP by about twenty-six times, compared to the GFRP composite containing randomly-orientated CNFs. Of particular interest, the damage-sensing capacity is enhanced for the GFRP composite with aligned CNFs in the epoxy matrix, which stems from the greatly increased out-of-plane electrical conductivity, as confirmed by a modelling study. Therefore, this present work has identified a new strategy to develop GFRP composites with greatly improved delamination toughness, electrical conductivity, and higher crack-detection sensitivity

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Section: In-situ Resistance Measurements During the Dcb Fracture Testsupporting

confidence: 54%

Aligning carbon nanofibres in glass-fibre/epoxy composites to improve interlaminar toughness and crack-detection capability

Ladani

Ravindran

et al. 2017

Composites Science and Technology

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“…The material properties of this epoxy matrix and these fillers are defined separately for the composites. E and CTE of epoxy were taken from previous studies [4,19,20]. It was assumed that round or rod-shape fillers with different E and CTE were distributed uniformly within the epoxy as shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Thermal Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fracture surfaces were clean, without any cracks ( Figure A1c). Additionally, the bulk epoxy fracture energy (270 J•m −2 ) [4,20] is much larger than 55 J•m −2 . Here, any crack growth was between epoxy and steel substrate.…”

Section: Conflicts Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Failure of Composite Coatings due to Thermal and Hygroscopic Stresses

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2019

Coatings

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Due to the higher thermal and moisture expansions of epoxy coatings than the rigid substrate, these coatings suffer from high thermal and hygroscopic stresses, leading to coating/substrate interfacial crack growth. Herein, a parametric study was conducted systematically on epoxy coatings incorporated with fillers, in order to understand their effects on coating/substrate interface delamination caused by thermal and hygroscopic stresses. A finite element model (FEM) was developed to determine an indicator J-integral value (Ji), in comparison with a critical JC value to interpret the obtained interface delamination experimental results. FE simulations showed that interfacial pre-cracks located at coating edges were more serious than those at the centre. Once delamination was triggered by thermal shock or moisture absorption, it propagated rapidly along the coating/substrate interface. However, by adding suitable micro-/nano-fillers to the coating the thermal and hygroscopic stresses give lower Ji values, so that delamination crack growth can be effectively controlled. The simulation results demonstrate that the incorporation of fillers with lower Young’s modulus, lower thermal expansion and moisture absorption coefficients, smaller size for soft fillers, larger size for rigid fillers, and suitable aspect ratios for rod-shape fillers to the coatings, are more effective against interface delamination. Hence, useful guidelines for improving the design of epoxy composite coatings against delamination growth can be obtained for different engineering applications.

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“…Graphene nano platelets (GnPs) which has been recently developed single layered carbon nano material is a useful polymer reinforcement material which has a large surface area led to increase the stress transfer between polymer and nano material [4,5,6,7]. Graphene has a 2-D nanostructure and leads an enhancement in toughness of fibers [8,9]. Several researchers reported that the graphene nano material addition in the fiber reinforced composites significantly affects the mechanical [10,11], dynamic [12], thermal [13] and electrical [14] properties materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charpy impact response of glass fiber reinforced composite with nano graphene enhanced epoxy

Erkliğ

Doğan

Bulut

2017

PEN

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Fiber reinforced polymer composite materials show several superior properties over conventional engineering materials; on the other hand, most of composite materials also have some drawbacks such as brittle behavior of matrix. This study is aimed to improve the impact response of composite material by adding nano particle into epoxy matrix. For this purpose; an experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of graphene nano particles inclusion in epoxy resin with glass fiber reinforced composite plate on the Charpy impact response. Glass fiber reinforced (GFR) epoxy composite plates were produced with various graphene nano platelets content such 0, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 wt%. Low velocity impact response was investigated by using Charpy impact test method. Impact energy and impact damage results presented in detail.

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Graphene/epoxy interleaves for delamination toughening and monitoring of crack damage in carbon fibre/epoxy composite laminates

Cited by 141 publications

References 39 publications

Aligning carbon nanofibres in glass-fibre/epoxy composites to improve interlaminar toughness and crack-detection capability

Aligning carbon nanofibres in glass-fibre/epoxy composites to improve interlaminar toughness and crack-detection capability

Numerical Simulation of Failure of Composite Coatings due to Thermal and Hygroscopic Stresses

Charpy impact response of glass fiber reinforced composite with nano graphene enhanced epoxy

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