“…To overcome this, considerable research was made to explore alternative CE materials. To replace the expensive platinum CE, various alternatives such as carbon materials, [15–19] conducting polymers such as polyaniline (PANI), [20–22] poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), [23,24] poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) [25–30] and polypyrrole (PPy) [31–35] and inorganic materials including transition metal sulfides, [36–40] nitrides [41,42] and carbides [43,44] have been successfully employed as a CEs in DSSCs.…”