Graphene-collagen cryogel controls neuroinflammation and fosters accelerated axonal regeneration in spinal cord injury

Agarwal, Gopal; Roy, Abhishek; Kumar, Hemant; Srivastava, Akshay

doi:10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212971

Cited by 13 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…They first prepared the collagen type-I and then formed the super macroporous cryogel by carbodiimide chemistry at sub-zero temperature where the crosslinking between the -COOH of collagen and -NH2 of amino-functionalized graphene occurred (Figure 8A(i)). Similarly, in another study by Agarwal in 2022, 97 they further validated the potential of fabricated graphene collagen (Gr-Col) cryogels in polarizing astrocytes, microglia, and fostering neuronal regeneration. Interestingly, different from Agarwal, Xue and coworkers 98 used xanthan gum (XG) to modify graphene (Figure 8B).…”

Section: Graphene-based Materialsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Current treatments after spinal cord injury: Cell engineering, tissue engineering, and combined therapies

Shen

Cao

et al. 2022

Smart Medicine

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Both traumatic and non‐traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs) can be categorized as damages done to our central nervous system (CNS). The patients' physical and mental health may suffer greatly because of traumatic SCI. With the widespread use of motor vehicles and increasingly aged population, the occurrence of SCI is more frequent than before, creating a considerable burden to global public health. The regeneration process of the spinal cord is hampered by a series of events that occur following SCI like edema, hemorrhage, formation of cystic cavities, and ischemia. An effective strategy for the treatment of SCI and functional recovery still has not been discovered; however, recent advances have been made in bioengineering fields that therapies based on cells, biomaterials, and biomolecules have proved effective in the repair of the spinal cord. In the light of worldwide importance of treatments for SCI, this article aims to provide a review of recent advances by first introducing the physiology, etiology, epidemiology, and mechanisms of SCI. We then put emphasis on the widely used clinical treatments and bioengineering strategies (cell‐based, biomaterial‐based, and biomolecule‐based) for the functional regeneration of the spinal cord as well as challenges faced by scientists currently. This article provides scientists and clinicians with a comprehensive outlook on the recent advances of preclinical and clinical treatments of SCI, hoping to help them find keys to the functional regeneration of SCI.

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Section: Graphene-based Materialsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Current treatments after spinal cord injury: Cell engineering, tissue engineering, and combined therapies

Shen

Cao

et al. 2022

Smart Medicine

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“…75,76 Hence, multiple studies were conducted in an effort to increase the collagen-based scaffold's durability by stabilizing it with cross-linkers 30,77 or combining them with other materials. 42,46,76,78 Meanwhile, natural-based scaffolds like fibrin have demonstrated an alternative mechanism for the potential treatment of SCI that is not reliant on their physical structure. A study conducted by Sharp et al 79 demonstrated that the injectable salmon fibrin showed an improved recovery of both hindlimb locomotor function and bladder control on the rats with the dorsal hemisection SCI model, despite its increased glial scar formation and lesion size compared to the untreated model.…”

Section: The Potential Of Regenerative Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for SCI repair application, the hydrogel was aimed to be utilized as a nonpermanent substrate for tissue regeneration yet having enough stability to allow extensive neurite growth for a complete neural pathway connection prior to degradation. 93 Because stability can be modulated by a number of hydrophilic groups and degree of cross-linking, 93 Agarwal et al 42 have produced cross-linked collagen with amino-functionalized graphene via EDC/NHS as a cross-linker and formed dynamic covalent cross-linking, which is insoluble, has a high elasticity, and is relatively strong. The hydrated pores of the Col sample showed smaller pore sizes than those of the Gr-Col sample.…”

Section: Physical Modulation 411 Stiffness (Elastic Modulus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the potential use of the collagen scaffold in the treatment of SCI may also be enhanced if the collagen scaffold could retain its structure for a longer duration. , This could give enough time for cells to grow and may completely regenerate the neural tissue, thus bridging the lesion gap. However, a collagen-based scaffold commonly showed complete degradation in vivo after only 3–5 weeks of transplantation. , Hence, multiple studies were conducted in an effort to increase the collagen-based scaffold’s durability by stabilizing it with cross-linkers , or combining them with other materials. ,,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, conductive hydrogels have emerged as a promising approach for repairing SCI due to their unique properties that can support the growth and differentiation of neural cells. These conductive hydrogels can be produced by combining hydrogel with conductive materials such as metallic nanomaterials, − carbon-based nanomaterials, , and conductive polymers. − They can be fabricated into a 3D polymeric structure via various fabrication techniquesblending, co-network, self-assembly, and in situ polymerizationwhich have successfully shown an influence in proliferation, differentiation, and migration on the electrically excitable cells . This potentially benefits the neural regeneration for SCI .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Application of Conductive Hydrogels on Spinal Cord Injury Repair: A Review

Shahemi

Mahat

Asri

et al. 2023

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes severe motor or sensory damage that leads to long-term disabilities due to disruption of electrical conduction in neuronal pathways. Despite current clinical therapies being used to limit the propagation of cell or tissue damage, the need for neuroregenerative therapies remains. Conductive hydrogels have been considered a promising neuroregenerative therapy due to their ability to provide a pro-regenerative microenvironment and flexible structure, which conforms to a complex SCI lesion. Furthermore, their conductivity can be utilized for noninvasive electrical signaling in dictating neuronal cell behavior. However, the ability of hydrogels to guide directional axon growth to reach the distal end for complete nerve reconnection remains a critical challenge. In this Review, we highlight recent advances in conductive hydrogels, including the incorporation of conductive materials, fabrication techniques, and cross-linking interactions. We also discuss important characteristics for designing conductive hydrogels for directional growth and regenerative therapy. We propose insights into electrical conductivity properties in a hydrogel that could be implemented as guidance for directional cell growth for SCI applications. Specifically, we highlight the practical implications of recent findings in the field, including the potential for conductive hydrogels to be used in clinical applications. We conclude that conductive hydrogels are a promising neuroregenerative therapy for SCI and that further research is needed to optimize their design and application.

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Advanced Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Therapeutic Applications

Park,

Kim

2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The multifaceted biological defense system modulating complex immune responses against pathogens and foreign materials plays a critical role in tissue homeostasis and disease progression. Recently developed biomaterials that could specifically regulate immune responses, nanoparticles, graphene, and functional hydrogels have contributed to the advancement of tissue engineering as well as disease treatment. The interaction between innate and adaptive immunity, collectively determining immune responses, can be regulated by mechanobiological recognition and adaptation of immune cells to the extracellular microenvironment. Therefore, applying immunomodulation to tissue regeneration and cancer therapy involves manipulating the properties of biomaterials by tailoring their composition in the context of the immune system. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of how the physicochemical attributes of biomaterials determine immune responses, focusing on the physical properties that influence innate and adaptive immunity. This review also underscores the critical aspect of biomaterial‐based immune engineering for the development of novel therapeutics and emphasizes the importance of understanding the biomaterials‐mediated immunological mechanisms and their role in modulating the immune system.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Graphene-collagen cryogel controls neuroinflammation and fosters accelerated axonal regeneration in spinal cord injury

Cited by 13 publications

References 87 publications

Current treatments after spinal cord injury: Cell engineering, tissue engineering, and combined therapies

Current treatments after spinal cord injury: Cell engineering, tissue engineering, and combined therapies

Application of Conductive Hydrogels on Spinal Cord Injury Repair: A Review

Advanced Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Therapeutic Applications

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