Graphene–Chitosan Hybrid Dental Implants with Enhanced Antibacterial and Cell-Proliferation Properties

Abstract

Dental implants are widely used tooth replacement tools owing to their good oral rehabilitation and reconstruction capacities. Since dental implants are designed as a replacement for natural teeth, multi-functional abilities are desired to achieve successful implant treatment with improved osseointegration through promotion of mammalian cell activity and prevention of bacterial cell activity. In this study, we developed a graphene–chitosan hybrid dental implant (GC hybrid implant) using various concentrations of graphene, which demonstrated the different surface properties including increased wettability and roughness. Importantly, the GC hybrid implant under the optimal condition (i.e., 1% GC hybrid implant) could significantly promote osteoblast proliferation while reducing biofilm formation and bacterial activity. Our study demonstrates the potential of using this GC hybrid implant as a new type of dental implant, which can offer an effective design for the fabrication of advanced dental implants.

Latest Trends in Surface Modification for Dental Implantology: Innovative Developments and Analytical Applications

“…In dental implants, GO hybrid materials have been tested using different concentrations of GO soaked in chitosan. These hybrid materials were deposited onto Ti substrates, demonstrating osteoblast proliferation and biofilm inhibition [140]. In Y-ZrO 2 implants, GO coatings improved the mechanical properties of samples, such as the bending strength and the fracture toughness, while increasing cell adhesion, proliferation and growth [141].…”

Carfilzomib inhibits the proliferation and apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells by inhibiting STAT1/COX-2/iNOS signaling pathway

“…One concern is direct activity of the MM cells themselves. In human patients, however, with complex “natural” environments, and other anatomic sites of MM, multiple interactions of bone marrow cells may not only activate the STAT1/COX2/iNOS pathway, but also activate PI3K/Akt, MEK/ERK, JAK/STAT3, NF-kappa B or other signal cascades that may promote the survival, drug resistance and/or migration of tumor cells ( 54 , 55 ). Therefore, although the efficacy of carfilzomib remains to be further studied, such as in combination with targeted therapy and chemotherapy, our data provides experimental evidence for future research and suggest a path worth exploring.…”

The role of peri-implant strains in dental implant systems: a narrative review

“…These include the utilization of ceramic and hybrid materials such as Rocksolid and Trabecular metal for the implant and the development of implant surfaces that facilitate biomechanical integration. The goal is to provide greater strength while improving the predictability for the osseous interface with the implant (54). Another intriguing strategy that holds much promise is the introduction of stem cells within 3D printed hybrid structures.…”