Graphene Cathode-Based ZnO Nanowire Hybrid Solar Cells

Park, Hyesung; Chang, Sehoon; Jean, Joel; Cheng, Jayce Jian Wei; Araújo, Paulo T.; Wang, Mingsheng; Bawendi, Moungi G.; Dresselhaus, M. S.; Bulović, Vladimir; Kong, Jing; Gradečak, Silvija

doi:10.1021/nl303920b

Cited by 195 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The Herman's order parameter S 〈 〉 , where φ is the deviation angle between the nanowire and the substrate normal, is a widely used measure of the preferential alignment [4,33,34]. As shown in Figure 3b, φ was measured from SEM micrographs of nanowire arrays taken at 45 o tilt (see SI for a detailed description of measurement method and discussion of geometric transformation).…”

Section: Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bulk heterojunction PV devices utilizing zinc oxide nanowire arrays have shown high performance when prepared in conjunction with a variety of active materials including P3HT [3,4], PCBM:P3HT [5,6], CdS [7,8], dye-sensitizers [9,10] and colloidal quantum dot (QD) thin films [1]. The minority carrier diffusion length in the active material of these devices lies in the nano-to micrometer length scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of zinc oxide nanowire array properties with electron-beam lithography templating for photovoltaic applications

et al. 2015

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Hydrothermally synthesized zinc oxide nanowire arrays have been used as nanostructured acceptors in emerging photovoltaic (PV) devices. The nanoscale dimensions of such arrays allow for enhanced charge extraction from PV active layers, but the device performance critically depends on the nanowire array pitch and alignment. In this study, we templated hydrothermally-grown ZnO nanowire arrays via high-resolution electron-beam-lithography defined masks, achieving the dual requirements of high-resolution patterning at a pitch of several hundred nanometers, while maintaining hole sizes small enough to control nanowire array morphology. We investigated several process conditions, including the effect of annealing sputtered and spincoated ZnO seed layers on nanowire growth, to optimize array property metrics -branching from individual template holes and off-normal alignment. We found that decreasing template hole size decreased branching prevalence but also reduced alignment. Annealing seed layers typically improved alignment, and sputtered seed layers yielded nanowire arrays superior to spincoated seed layers. We show that these effects arose from variation in the size of the template holes relative to the ZnO grain size in the seed layer.The quantitative control of branching and alignment of the nanowire array that is achieved in this study will open new paths toward engineering more efficient electrodes to increase photocurrent in nanostructured PVs. This control is also applicable to inorganic nanowire growth in general, nanomechanical generators, nanowire transistors, and surface-energy engineering.2

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Section: Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of zinc oxide nanowire array properties with electron-beam lithography templating for photovoltaic applications

et al. 2015

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“…Impressive progresses have been made which include using graphene as transparent conductive electrodes in solar cells and see-through resistive random access memories. [1][2][3] The ultrahigh carrier mobility characteristic has also been utilized in developing transistors and ultrafast photodetectors. 4,5 Moreover, it has been reported that in solar cell applications, graphene can serve as electrodes, carrier transport layers, and active layers of the device.…”

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confidence: 99%

Efficiency Enhancement of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells via Photon Management Using Graphene Quantum Dot as Downconverters

et al. 2015

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By employing graphene quantum dots (GQDs), we have achieved a high efficiency of 16.55% in n-type Si heterojunction solar cells. The efficiency enhancement is based on the photon downconversion phenomenon of GQDs to make more photons absorbed in the depletion region for effective carrier separation, leading to the enhanced photovoltaic effect. The short circuit current and the fill factor are increased from 35.31 to 37.47 mA/cm2 and 70.29% to 72.51%, respectively. The work demonstrated here holds the promise for incorporating graphene-based materials in commercially available solar devices for developing ultrahigh efficiency photovoltaic cells in the future.

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“…Even so, the utilization of graphene film in perovskite SCs has been rarely explored up to now, therein graphene‐based films have been served as interlayers with success for high‐efficiency charge transfer or collecting 76, 77. Recently, Yan et al first reported the laminating stacked multilayer graphene serving as top electrode for semitransparent perovskite SC 78.…”

Section: The Human‐like Senses and Feedbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human‐Like Sensing and Reflexes of Graphene‐Based Films

et al. 2016

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Humans have numerous senses, wherein vision, hearing, smell, taste, and touch are considered as the five conventionally acknowledged senses. Triggered by light, sound, or other physical stimulations, the sensory organs of human body are excited, leading to the transformation of the afferent energy into neural activity. Also converting other signals into electronical signals, graphene‐based film shows its inherent advantages in responding to the tiny stimulations. In this review, the human‐like senses and reflexes of graphene‐based films are presented. The review starts with the brief discussions about the preparation and optimization of graphene‐based film, as where as its new progress in synthesis method, transfer operation, film‐formation technologies and optimization techniques. Various human‐like senses of graphene‐based film and their recent advancements are then summarized, including light‐sensitive devices, acoustic devices, gas sensors, biomolecules and wearable devices. Similar to the reflex action of humans, graphene‐based film also exhibits reflex when under thermal radiation and light actuation. Finally, the current challenges associated with human‐like applications are discussed to help guide the future research on graphene films. At last, the future opportunities lie in the new applicable human‐like senses and the integration of multiple senses that can raise a revolution in bionic devices.

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Graphene Cathode-Based ZnO Nanowire Hybrid Solar Cells

Cited by 195 publications

References 34 publications

Control of zinc oxide nanowire array properties with electron-beam lithography templating for photovoltaic applications

Control of zinc oxide nanowire array properties with electron-beam lithography templating for photovoltaic applications

Efficiency Enhancement of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells via Photon Management Using Graphene Quantum Dot as Downconverters

Human‐Like Sensing and Reflexes of Graphene‐Based Films

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