Graphene‐based Composite Materials as Catalyst for Organic Transformations

Abstract

Graphene is one of the most auspicious constituents in nanotechnology. It provides the most accurate theoretical 2‐D depiction of catalytic sustenance. Its exceptional, physico‐chemical, and mechanical qualities make it distinctive and also able to create composite materials with novel capabilities. Although using graphene as a single‐layered sheet as a catalytic tool has not been documented yet, certain encouraging outcomes using few‐layer graphene have previously been attained. We will quickly go through the most pertinent synthetic methods for obtaining graphene and graphene based materials in this article. The composites of graphene are used in various catalytic reactions, including Coupling reactions, Aza‐Michael addition, Hydration, Oxidation, Esterification, Pechmann Condensation, Knoevenagel Condensation, Ring‐Opening Polymerization, Friedel‐Crafts Addition, Ring Opening of Epoxides and Decarboxylation have been catalysed by these expertly crafted and prepared graphene‐based catalysts. The graphene based composites allows for easy, recyclable, arnold transform, and environmentally friendly photocatalysis and also mild, precise, and super effective conversions and synthesis.

Graphene oxide-catalysed carbene-transfer reaction in water: a highly “green” and selective approach to access 3,3′,3′′-trisindoles

“…26 In this context, GO has been employed as a heterogeneous catalyst in organic reactions such as the ring-opening of epoxides, oxidation reactions of thiols, aza-Michael addition reaction, and Friedel–Crafts addition of indoles to α,β-unsaturated ketones. 27 The synthesis of biaryl compounds via activation of the C–H bond of aryl halides using inexpensive and environmentally friendly GO as a catalyst was demonstrated by Gao et al 28 Basu and coworkers reported the conversion of an aryl amine to unsymmetrical thioether using a “GO bed” under continuous-flow conditions. 29 Nasseri and co-workers synthesized diindolyl-oxindole using GO as an efficient and reusable heterogenous catalyst.…”