Graphdiyne formed a novel CuI-GD/g-C₃N₄ S-scheme heterojunction composite for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Abstract

Rational design of novel and efficient hybrid photocatalysts has great significance today, since fossil energy urgently needs to be replaced by green energy, such as hydrogen energy. For this reason,...

S‐Scheme Photocatalytic Systems

“…Therefore, numerous S‐scheme photocatalysts for splitting H 2 O into H 2 have been developed, e.g., S‐pCN/WO 2.7 , N‐doped MoS 2 /S‐doped g‐C 3 N 4 , g‐C 3 N 4 /Bi 2 MoO 6 , g‐C 3 N 4 /CdS, Py‐CNTs, Bi 2 S 3 /g‐C 3 N 4 , CuI‐GD/g‐C 3 N 4 , CdS/MoO 3– x , SnNb 2 O 6 /CdS, TiO 2 /CdS, CdS/W 18 O 49 , NiTiO 3 @Co 9 S 8 , Ru/SrTiO 3 /TiO 2 , WO 3 /TiO 2 , and g‐C 3 N 4 /MS 2 (M = Sn, Zr). [ 28–42 ] Li et al utilized solvent evaporation method to spontaneously assemble S‐introduced g‐C 3 N 4 and nonstoichiometric WO 2.72 for S‐scheme photocatalytic H 2 O splitting into H 2 evolution. [ 28 ] In Figure 5b, oxygen vacancies with electron defect states on WO 2.72 were interacted with S and N lone pair electrons of g‐C 3 N 4 , resulting in close interfaces.…”

Pyramidal CdS Polyhedron Modified with NiAl LDH to Form S‐scheme Heterojunction for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

“…Moreover, the appearance of mesoporous structure in CdS, NiAl LDH and CNA‐3 can be proved since the pore diameters of the three samples are mainly focus on 2–50 nm. With the loading of NiAl LDH, the S BET of CNA‐3 significant increased, standing for the successful preparation of CNA‐3 by integrating CdS and NiAl LDH [13] . Comparing with hexagonal pyramidal CdS polyhedron, the increase of pore volume of CNA‐3 is benefit for the diffusion and transfer of photocatalysts, thus improving the efficiency of photocatalytic reactions [43] …”

“…In the past few decades, though, there have been great achievements in this field, the low efficiency of photogenerated charges separation in photocatalysts still is deemed to be the most vital factor limiting its practical application. Therefore, various strategies have been undertaken to improve the charge separation efficiency of photocatalysis in solar water splitting, among which, the construction of heterojunctions (p‐n heterojunction, [10–12] S‐scheme heterojunction, [13–16] direct type‐II heterojunction [17] etc.) shed profound light.…”

Mn 0. 2 Cd 0 . 8 S modified with 3D flower‐shaped Co 3 ( PO 4 ) 2 for efficient pho

“…It can be seen that when the CPO loading is 10%, the hydrogen production of composite catalyst reaches the maximum value of 0.57 mmol (11.4 mmol/h/g), but as the amount of CPO in the composite material increases, the amount of hydrogen production begins to decrease. This may be due to the excessive load shielding the visible light irradiation and inhibiting the ability of the catalyst to generate photoelectrons, instead of reducing the photocatalytic activity 38 . The increase in hydrogen evolution of the composite material may be due to the combination of MCS and CPO, forming a heterojunction between the interface, promoting the separation, and transfer of charges.…”