Grapevine trunk disease in German viticulture IV. Spreading of spores of the Esca related fungus Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and the occurrence of foliar Esca-symptoms in German vineyards

Molnar, Melanie; Voegele, Ralf T.; Fischer, Michael

doi:10.5073/vitis.2020.59.63-69

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Vineyard "B" (49 • 13 ′ 08.8 ′′ N; 8 • 02 ′ 39.6 ′′ E), planted in 2002, comprised two PIWI-('Calandro' and 'Regent') and two traditional cultivars ('Pinot Noir' and 'Riesling'), and the plant protection measures were organic. In the years 2012 to 2015, GLSD-symptoms and apoplexy were frequently observed in vineyard "A" [46], whereas symptoms were rare in vineyard "B".…”

Section: Sampling Site and Collection Of Arthropodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthropods as Vectors of Grapevine Trunk Disease Pathogens: Quantification of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora on Arthropods and Mycobiome Analysis of Earwig Exoskeletons

Brandenburg,

Voegele,

Fischer

et al. 2024

JoF

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Viticulture worldwide is challenged by grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs). Involvement of arthropods in the dissemination process of GTD pathogens, notably esca pathogens, is indicated after detection of associated pathogens on arthropod exoskeletons, and demonstration of transmission under artificial conditions. The present study is the first to quantify spore loads via qPCR of the esca-relevant pathogen Phaeomoniella chlamydospora on arthropods collected in German vineyards, i.e., European earwigs (Forficula auricularia), ants (Formicidae), and two species of jumping spiders (Marpissa muscosa and Synageles venator). Quantification of spore loads showed acquisition on exoskeletons, but most arthropods carried only low amounts. The mycobiome on earwig exoskeletons was described for the first time to reveal involvement of earwigs in the dispersal of GTDs in general. Metabarcoding data support the potential risk of earwigs as vectors for predominantly Pa. chlamydospora and possibly Eutypa lata (causative agent of Eutypa dieback), as respective operational taxonomical unit (OTU) assigned genera had relative abundances of 6.6% and 2.8% in total reads, even though with great variation between samples. Seven further GTD-related genera were present at a very low level. As various factors influence the successful transmission of GTD pathogens, we hypothesize that arthropods might irregularly act as direct vectors. Our results highlight the importance of minimizing and protecting pruning wounds in the field.

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Section: Sampling Site and Collection Of Arthropodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthropods as Vectors of Grapevine Trunk Disease Pathogens: Quantification of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora on Arthropods and Mycobiome Analysis of Earwig Exoskeletons

Brandenburg,

Voegele,

Fischer

et al. 2024

JoF

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Long-Term Benefits of Protecting Table Grape Vineyards against Trunk Diseases in the California Desert

2020

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Grapevine trunk diseases (GTD) are caused by several fungal species and are major limiting factors to vineyard productivity and profitability in all viticulture areas. This study is aimed at addressing the gap in the knowledge with regards to measuring the long-term benefits of post-pruning fungicide application on trunk diseases incidence and crop yield in grape production systems. It also calculated the net economic benefit of implementing such practice over the vineyard lifespan. We selected a newly planted commercial table grape vineyard in the California desert and divided it in two blocks. In one block, the registered fungicide thiophanate-methyl was mechanically applied on pruning wounds for six consecutive years, while the other half remained untreated. Our results showed a significant lower GTD incidence and vine replants in treated blocks combined with a significant increase of total and marketable fruit. Potential annual economic benefits of applying fungicide on pruning wounds appear to be in the range of $8500–$12,500 per hectare annually in a 50–75% disease control scenario.

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Grapevine trunk disease in German viticulture IV. Spreading of spores of the Esca related fungus Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and the occurrence of foliar Esca-symptoms in German vineyards

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Arthropods as Vectors of Grapevine Trunk Disease Pathogens: Quantification of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora on Arthropods and Mycobiome Analysis of Earwig Exoskeletons

Arthropods as Vectors of Grapevine Trunk Disease Pathogens: Quantification of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora on Arthropods and Mycobiome Analysis of Earwig Exoskeletons

Long-Term Benefits of Protecting Table Grape Vineyards against Trunk Diseases in the California Desert

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