Grape seed proanthocyanidins extract promotes bone formation in rat's mandibular condyle

Abstract

We studied the effect of dietary supplementation with grape seed proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE) 3 mg added in 100 g high-calcium diet with a calcium content of 1697 mg 100 g(-1) on mandibular condyle bone debility, which was induced by a low-calcium diet. Forty Wistar male rats, 5 week old, were randomly divided into control (Co), low-calcium diet (LC), low-calcium/high-calcium diet (LCH), and low-calcium/high-calcium with supplementary GSPE diet (LCHG) groups for 6 wk. Bone formation of the mandibular condyle was measured using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Significant differences were not seen among the four groups for body weight, measured weekly. The LCHG group scored significantly higher in cortical bone density, total bone cross-sectional area, cortical bone cross-sectional area, cortical bone mineral content, total bone density, total bone mineral content, and in the stress-strain index to the reference axis x when compared with the LCH group. We concluded that a high-calcium diet combined with GSPE supplementation is more effective in reversing mandibular condyle bone debility in rats than is a low-calcium diet, standard diet, or high-calcium diet alone.

A targeted approach for evaluating preclinical activity of botanical extracts for support of bone health

“…A grape seed extract and Ca-supplemented diet was shown to increase bone density, mineral content and bone strength in Ca-deficient rats at a greater level than Ca supplementation alone ( 26 ) . Grape seed extract in combination with Ca has also been shown to be effective in reversing mandibular condyle bone debility in rats beyond that of Ca supplementation alone ( 27 ) . Grape seed extract has also been shown to inhibit osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow cells cultured with RANKL and macrophage colony-stimulating factor ( 28 ) .…”

Phenolic phytochemicals and bone

“…Particularly, the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins extract (GPSE) on mandibular bone in developing rats were investigated by examining trabecular and cortical bone density, mineral content and non-invasive bone strength (Table 4) (Kamitani et al 2004;Ishikawa et al 2005). Actually, after adding 3 mg of GSPE/100 g to either a low-calcium diet (144 mg/100 g) or a high-calcium diet (1697 mg/100 g), GSPE treatment was able to increase bone formation and bone strength in rat mandibles.…”

Biomimetic Approach for Root Caries Prevention Using a Proanthocyanidin-Rich Agent

“…In this study it was hypothesized that the GSE molecules would bind to collagen, possibly combining with Ca 2+ present in the re mineralizing solution to allow a greater mineralization process, as previously suggested for remineralization of artificial root caries [Xie et al, 2008]. This was based on previous studies where GSE had enhanced the bone mass in rats by facilitating mineral deposition [Kamitani et al, 2004;Ishikawa et al, 2005;Yahara et al, 2005]. However, the addition of F to the GSE solution may have affected the dynamic of the remineralization process.…”

“…Its active constituents are proanthocyanidins (PA) and represent a variety of flavan-3-ol, catechin [Aron and Kennedy, 2008], which is a scavenging free radical required for absorption of calcium [Ishikawa et al, 2005]. In addition, PA increase collagen synthesis, accelerate the conversion of soluble collagen into insoluble collagen during development [Cetta et al, 1977;Rao et al, 1983] and decrease the rate of enzymatic degradation of collagen matrices [Han et al, 2003;Chaussain-Miller et al, 2006;Walter et al, 2008;Macedo et al, 2009].…”