Granuloma Formation and Parasite Disintegration in Porcine Cysticercosis: Comparison with Human Neurocysticercosis

Alvarez, Jorge Iván; Londoño, Diana; Álvarez, Adalucy; Trujillo, Judith; Jaramillo, Margarita M; Restrepo, Blanca I.

doi:10.1053/jcpa.2002.0579

Cited by 46 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…3). The cellular changes surrounding the cyst had a close resemblance to the lesions of stage II porcine cysticercosis as described earlier (Alvarez et al, 2002). The inflammatory reaction was more pronounced in the area opposite to the entrance canal or the scolex of the parasite than around the rest of the cystic cavity.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Differences in the type of inflammatory lesions depend upon survivability of parasite or indirectly to the host immune response (Gonzalez et al, 1987). In the present study, granuloma formation that is characteristic of type III and IV lesions as reported by Alvarez et al, (2002) was not noticed and the possible reason could be the less time available for such lesions to develop in pigs of market age that were in general not more than 1-2 yrs old. Though, in pigs treated with antihelmintics, death of parasite may lead to granuloma formation (Flisser et al, 1990).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 46%

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Neurocysticercosis in free roaming pigs – a slaughterhouse survey

Prakash

Kumar

Rout

et al. 2007

Trop Anim Health Prod

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To investigate the prevalence of neurocysticercosis among free ranging pigs and to study the type of pathomorphological lesions in affected brains, a total of 200 brains were collected from pigs slaughtered at a local abattoir, between August, 2005 to March, 2006. Gross and histopathological examination revealed 3% (6/200) occurrence of neurocysticercosis in pigs. Taenia solium cysticercosis is an under-rated zoonosis and is a leading cause of epilepsy due to neurocysticercosis in human population of India. The prevailing situation warrants immediate implementation of effective control measures for this dreaded disease.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 46%

Neurocysticercosis in free roaming pigs – a slaughterhouse survey

Prakash

Kumar

Rout

et al. 2007

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…10,17,34,35 The angiogenesis observed in the brain tissue of infected rats has also been reported in human and porcine NCC. 12,13,36 The angiogenesis process probably plays a role in promoting and regulating other biological events, such as inflammation, fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix synthesis, and BBB disruption, which have all been reported in others studies. 29,37,38 It is still unknown what factors might be regulating the increased expression of VEGF in NCC; we hypothesize that some excretory-secretory parasite proteins may be regulating this phenomenon.…”

Section: Neurocysticercosis Rat Modelmentioning

confidence: 65%

Novel Rat Model for Neurocysticercosis Using Taenia solium

Verástegui

Mejia

Clark

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Pathology

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Neurocysticercosis is caused by Taenia solium infecting the central nervous system and is the leading cause of acquired epilepsy and convulsive conditions worldwide. Research into the pathophysiology of the disease and appropriate treatment is hindered by lack of cost-effective and physiologically similar animal models. We generated a novel rat neurocysticercosis model using intracranial infection with activated T. solium oncospheres. Holtzman rats were infected in two separate groups: the first group was inoculated extraparenchymally and the second intraparenchymally, with different doses of activated oncospheres. The groups were evaluated at three different ages. Histologic examination of the tissue surrounding T. solium cysticerci was performed. Results indicate that generally infected rats developed cysticerci in the brain tissue after 4 months, and the cysticerci were observed in the parenchymal, ventricle, or submeningeal brain tissue. The route of infection did not have a statistically significant effect on the proportion of rats that developed cysticerci, and there was no dependence on infection dose. However, rat age was crucial to the success of the infection. Epilepsy was observed in 9% of rats with neurocysticercosis. In histologic examination, a layer of collagen tissue, inflammatory infiltrate cells, perivascular infiltrate, angiogenesis, spongy change, and mass effect were observed in the tissue surrounding the cysts. This study presents a suitable animal model for the study of human neurocysticercosis.

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“…The higher frequency of parasite destruction and calcification in humans reveal the aggressive interactions that can be the cause of a prominent immuno-inflammatory reaction in the CNS, which may promote parasite destruction, CNS injury and clinical expression (Riley & White 2003;Fleury et al 2004;Takayanagui & Odashima 2006). Some interspecies differences in the immunoinflammatory response surrounding the cysticerci have been reported: eosinophils are more frequent in porcine NC, while a lower proportion of plasma cells are observed in humans (Rabiela et al 1982;De Aluja & Vargas 1988;Alvarez et al 2002;Londono et al 2002). Different cell populations surrounding the parasite could be mounting different immune responses in the two host species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human and porcine neurocysticercosis: differences in the distribution and developmental stages of cysticerci

Sáenz

Ramírez

Aluja

et al. 2008

Tropical Med Int Health

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Summaryobjective To describe and compare the clinical impacts of neurocysticercosis (NC) caused by Taenia solium in humans and pigs.methods Comparative study of the brains of 16 asymptomatic pigs and 35 human NC cases (15 asymptomatic and 20 symptomatic).results In humans, cysticerci were more frequently located in the ventricles and subarachnoid space at the base of the brain (11.8% vs. 1.6%; P = 0.001 and 25.9% vs. 0%; P < 0.0001, respectively) while in pigs, cysticerci were more frequently found in the parenchyma (44.4% vs. 7.6%; P < 0.0001). In human brains, 75.9% of the cysticerci were calcified, while in pigs all cysticerci were in the vesicular stage.conclusion The duration of infection and the host-parasite relationship (such as immune reactivity and brain haemodynamics) differ between humans and pigs. This may account for the different distribution and stage of the cysticerci among humans and pigs.

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Granuloma Formation and Parasite Disintegration in Porcine Cysticercosis: Comparison with Human Neurocysticercosis

Cited by 46 publications

References 25 publications

Neurocysticercosis in free roaming pigs – a slaughterhouse survey

Neurocysticercosis in free roaming pigs – a slaughterhouse survey

Novel Rat Model for Neurocysticercosis Using Taenia solium

Human and porcine neurocysticercosis: differences in the distribution and developmental stages of cysticerci

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