Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor-producing gallbladder carcinoma-include analysis all case reports: A case report

Abstract

HighlightsG-CSF producing gallbladder carcinoma is rare and has a poor prognosis.We report a long term survival of G-CSF producing gallbladder carcinoma.We suggest multidisciplinary therapy prolong the survival of patients with G-CSF producing gallbladder carcinoma.

Circulating inflammatory proteins and gallbladder cancer: Potential for risk stratification to improve prioritization for cholecystectomy in high-risk regions

“…G-CSF affects granulocytic precursor proliferation and differentiation, and G-CSF-producing gallbladder cancers have been reported in a number of case reports [27–29]. These tumors often co-express G-CSF and IL-6 [27, 29], which is supported in our study by the fact that IL-6 but not G-CSF remained in the stepwise logistic regression model. CCL20 is released by TH17 cells, which are increasingly understood to be important players in the tumor microenvironment, although their exact role remains unclear [30].…”

“…One recent study evaluated cytokines in serum from 52 GBC cases and 30 age and sex matched healthy controls and found higher levels of IL-6 in GBC cases compared to normal controls [26]. G-CSF affects granulocytic precursor proliferation and differentiation, and G-CSF-producing gallbladder cancers have been reported in a number of case reports [27–29]. These tumors often co-express G-CSF and IL-6 [27, 29], which is supported in our study by the fact that IL-6 but not G-CSF remained in the stepwise logistic regression model.…”

Imaging findings of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing tumors: a case series and review of the literature

“…Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a glycoprotein that stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of neutrophil progenitor cells in bone marrow [1]. There have been many reported cases of G-CSF-producing tumors in various organs, particularly the lung [2][3][4][5]. G-CSF-producing tumors generally exhibit significant hyperplastic and metastatic properties and have a poor prognosis [2][3][4].…”

“…There have been many reported cases of G-CSF-producing tumors in various organs, particularly the lung [2][3][4][5]. G-CSF-producing tumors generally exhibit significant hyperplastic and metastatic properties and have a poor prognosis [2][3][4]. Leukocytosis and inflammatory reactions due to the produced G-CSF and other inflammatory cytokines by tumors can be mistaken for other diseases, such as infections [2,3,5].…”

“…G-CSF-producing tumors generally exhibit significant hyperplastic and metastatic properties and have a poor prognosis [2][3][4]. Leukocytosis and inflammatory reactions due to the produced G-CSF and other inflammatory cytokines by tumors can be mistaken for other diseases, such as infections [2,3,5]. Early accurate diagnosis of G-CSF-producing tumors is important for determining treatment strategies and improving prognosis [6].…”