Granulocyte changes in infectious mononucleosis

Carter, R. L.

doi:10.1136/jcp.19.3.279

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This is consistent with the findings of Carter et al. (up to 50%) ( 59 , 60 ). Moreover, we also found that there was an increase in the percentage of rod nuclear neutrophils in 45.65% of the patients (21/46), and that this increase was positively correlated with prolonged length of days of fever.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Tree Shrew Is a Suitable Animal Model for the Study of Epstein Barr Virus

et al. 2022

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus that latently infects approximately 95% of adults and is associated with a spectrum of human diseases including Infectious Mononucleosis and a variety of malignancies. However, understanding the pathogenesis, vaccines and antiviral drugs for EBV-associated disease has been hampered by the lack of suitable animal models. Tree shrew is a novel laboratory animal with a close phylogenetic relationship to primates, which is a critical advantage for many animal models for human disease, especially viral infections. Herein, we first identified the key residues in the CR2 receptor that bind the gp350 protein and facilitate viral entry. We found that tree shrew shares 100% sequence identity with humans in these residues, which is much higher than rabbits (50%) and rats (25%). In vitro analysis showed that B lymphocytes of tree shrews are susceptible to EBV infection and replication, as well as EBV-enhanced cell proliferation. Moreover, results of in vivo experiments show that EBV infection in tree shrews resembles EBV infection in humans. The infected animals exhibited transient fever and loss of weight accompanied by neutropenia and high viremia levels during the acute phase of the viral infection. Thereafter, tree shrews acted as asymptomatic carriers of the virus in most cases that EBV-related protein could be detected in blood and tissues. However, a resurgence of EBV infection occurred at 49 dpi. Nanopore transcriptomic sequencing of peripheral blood in EBV-infected animals revealed the dynamic changes in biological processes occurring during EBV primary infection. Importantly, we find that neutrophil function was impaired in tree shrew model as well as human Infectious Mononucleosis datasets (GSE85599 and GSE45918). In addition, retrospective case reviews suggested that neutropenia may play an important role in EBV escaping host innate immune response, leading to long-term latent infection. Our findings demonstrated that tree shrew is a suitable animal model to evaluate the mechanisms of EBV infection, and for developing vaccines and therapeutic drugs against EBV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Tree Shrew Is a Suitable Animal Model for the Study of Epstein Barr Virus

et al. 2022

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“…For example, viral infections are frequently associated with the development ofgranulocytosis and/or granulocytopenia (10)(11)(12)(13), but the mechanisms by which these occur have received little study. Lymphocytes with the T helper phenotype, which are the most prevalent subset of T cells in healthy normal individuals, have been shown to be an important source of CSA (3,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral infection of vascular endothelial cells alters production of colony-stimulating activity.

Gerson¹,

Friedman

Cines

1985

J. Clin. Invest.

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Viral infections in humans are frequently associated with granulocytopenia and/or granulocytosis. Such changes in myelopoiesis could result from infection of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cell (CFC-GM) or changes in the production of colony-stimulating activity (CSA). Endothelial cells are a known source of CSA and may be transiently or persistently infected during a number of viral infections, including infection with herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-I) and measles virus. Therefore, we examined the effect of

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“…Severe thrombocytopenia has often been recorded in glandular fever (this term being used to mean the same as 'infectious mononucleosis'), and moderate neutropenia is a frequent finding (Carter, 1966;Cantow and Kostinas, 1966). Extreme neutropenia, however, is apparently rare, and Wulff (1965), when recording one case in detail, referred to only five previous reports.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Carter (1966) favoured peripheral neutrophil destruction as the cause of the latter, and presumably such destruction could be very severe in a few cases; Cantow and Kostinas (1966) thought that marrow depression occurred. Different mechanisms may operate in different cases.…”

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confidence: 99%