Granular flow of an advanced ceramic under ultra-high strain rates and high pressures

Sun, Xiangyu; Chauhan, Ankur; Mallick, Debjoy D.; Tonge, Andrew L.; McCauley, James W.; Hemker, Kevin J.; LaSalvia, Jerry C.; Ramesh, K.T.

doi:10.1016/j.jmps.2020.104031

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The macromechanical response of this region is characterized by the kinematics of granular media, or granular flow. Granular flow has been extensively studied in geomechanics [67,68,69,70,71,72], astrophysics [73,74], manufacturing [75,76,77], armor ceramics [64,78,79]. For armor ceramics, the specific problem of interest is that of dry, dense, highrate granular flows.…”

Section: Granular Flow Of Comminuted Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Granular flow has been extensively studied in geomechanics, [67][68][69][70][71][72] astrophysics, 73,74 manufacturing, [75][76][77] armor ceramics. 64,78,79 For armor ceramics, the specific problem of interest is that of dry, dense, high-rate granular flows. Models for granular flow can be broadly classified as particle-based models and continuum-based methods.…”

Section: Granular Flow Of Comminuted Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Models for the behavior of boron carbide in extreme dynamic environments

et al. 2021

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We describe models for the behavior of hot-pressed boron carbide that is subjected to extreme dynamic environments such as ballistic impact. We first identify the deformation and failure mechanisms that are observed in boron carbide under such conditions, and then review physics-based models for each of these mechanisms and the integration of these models into a single physics-based continuum model for the material. Atomistic modeling relates the composition and stoichiometry to the amorphization threshold, while mesoscale

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Section: Granular Flow Of Comminuted Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Granular Flow Of Comminuted Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models for the behavior of boron carbide in extreme dynamic environments

et al. 2021

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“…The shape of fragments is one of the most important characters for the failure process during and after loading, and its link to the mechanical properties of ceramics at different strain rates were reported 9–12 . Sun et al 13 . found that in addition to grain friction interactions and particle rearrangement, active deformation mechanisms were also responsible for fracture and deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid geometric characterization of ceramics fragments through split Hopkinson pressure bar tests

Li,

Zhao,

Meng

2024

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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The research on fracture mechanisms of brittle materials is extremely difficult such as the determination of the energy absorption modes and the geometric characteristics of debris. In this paper, a dynamic experimental fragment recovery device was developed to study the facture characteristics of A99 ceramics (the mass of Al2O3 accounts for 99%) based on the Split‐Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experiments, in which the energy absorption mechanism was revealed. A three‐view characterization method was developed to obtain the geometric characterization formula under various strain rate; therefore, the geometric parameters of the fragments can be quickly characterized. The failure mode was investigated in correlation between strain rate and micro‐cracks. It was found that the shape of the strain rate controlled the proportion of dissipated energy. At a lower strain rate the fragment was prone to needle shape, while at a higher strain rate (above 2001 s−1) the proportion of dissipated energy increased to 72% and the fragment shape tended to be nearly spherical. A formula based on strain rate was proposed to characterize the geometric parameters of the fragments without the need of geometry dimensions; therefore, the fragment rate can be quickly obtained, which could provide guidance for the design of ceramics parts.

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“…Previous studies identified three key mechanisms that are activated within boron carbide under dynamic loading conditions: amorphization, [6][7][8][9] massive fracture and fragmentation, [10][11][12][13][14] and granular flow. 15 Amorphization is the dominant mode of failure when high strain rate deformation and concurrent high confining pressure are present. 16 Amorphization has been attributed to various underlying mechanisms including shear band formation, 6 collapse of crystal structure, 17,18 localized melting, 19 dislocation/twin-mediated quasi-plasticity, 20,21 and sliding of soft or amorphous interface phases at the grain boundaries of nanocrystalline ceramics (with typical average grain sizes of ≤100 nm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, boron carbide (B 4 C) is used as a model ceramic material to address the correlations between microstructure and dynamic brittle failure. Previous studies identified three key mechanisms that are activated within boron carbide under dynamic loading conditions: amorphization, 6–9 massive fracture and fragmentation, 10–14 and granular flow 15 . Amorphization is the dominant mode of failure when high strain rate deformation and concurrent high confining pressure are present 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of carbonaceous inclusions and their distributions on dynamic failure processes in boron carbide ceramics

et al. 2023

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Commercially available boron carbide ceramics typically have heterogeneous microstructures that contain distributions of processing‐induced inclusions. The inclusions that are rich in carbon (i.e., carbonaceous) govern the underlying mechanisms of brittle fracture through wing crack formation, and thus dictate the mechanical response of the ceramic. In this study, we investigate the dynamic failure of five boron carbide ceramic materials with different inclusion populations. All of the materials were prepared by hot‐pressing; four of these boron carbides contained different sizes and concentrations of carbonaceous inclusions, while one contained no carbonaceous inclusions. The heterogeneity distributions were characterized in some detail for statistical analysis using scanning electron microscopy and quantitative image analysis. A modified compression Kolsky bar setup with in situ ultra‐high‐speed microscopic imaging (10 million frames per second) was then used to study the influence of the inclusion distributions on the dynamic failure processes in these materials, at nominal high strain rates of 102–103 s−1. The in situ ultra‐high‐speed microscopy highlighted the link between micro and macroscale failure processes and demonstrated that the carbonaceous inclusions are indeed the preferential sites for nucleation of wing cracks, as previously hypothesized based on post‐mortem observations. The relative orientation of an inclusion with respect to the compression axis was shown to affect the likelihood that it would participate in crack nucleation. All of the ceramics were also found to have orientation‐dependent peak compressive stress, regardless of the presence of carbonaceous inclusions, suggesting that grain orientation distributions are also important.

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Granular flow of an advanced ceramic under ultra-high strain rates and high pressures

Cited by 10 publications

References 58 publications

Models for the behavior of boron carbide in extreme dynamic environments

Models for the behavior of boron carbide in extreme dynamic environments

Rapid geometric characterization of ceramics fragments through split Hopkinson pressure bar tests

The effects of carbonaceous inclusions and their distributions on dynamic failure processes in boron carbide ceramics

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