Granular Cell Myoblastoma of the Orbit

Granular cell tumour in the ciliary body

“…Although GCT is usually benign, 1%–2% of GCTs are malignant. 16 In the periocular region, few cases of malignant GCTs, such as primary orbital tumour, 17 metastatic orbital tumour, 18 primary eyelid tumour 19 and metastatic eyelid tumours, have been reported. 20…”

“…1 Although GCT is usually benign, 1%-2% of GCTs are malignant. 16 In the periocular region, few cases of malignant GCTs, such as primary orbital tumour, 17 metastatic orbital tumour, 18 primary eyelid tumour 19 and metastatic eyelid tumours, have been reported. 20 Although no guidelines for the treatment of GCTs exist, total excision is recommended for orbital GCTs, and proton beam radiation therapy may be appropriate in case of incomplete surgical resection of benign GCT.…”

Granular cell tumour in the ciliary body

“…Although GCT is usually benign, 1%–2% of GCTs are malignant. 16 In the periocular region, few cases of malignant GCTs, such as primary orbital tumour, 17 metastatic orbital tumour, 18 primary eyelid tumour 19 and metastatic eyelid tumours, have been reported. 20…”

“…1 Although GCT is usually benign, 1%-2% of GCTs are malignant. 16 In the periocular region, few cases of malignant GCTs, such as primary orbital tumour, 17 metastatic orbital tumour, 18 primary eyelid tumour 19 and metastatic eyelid tumours, have been reported. 20 Although no guidelines for the treatment of GCTs exist, total excision is recommended for orbital GCTs, and proton beam radiation therapy may be appropriate in case of incomplete surgical resection of benign GCT.…”

Oculomotor Disturbances Due to Granular Cell Tumor

“…6,12,[21][22][23]27,30,31 We found only one case of orbital malignant GCT that recurred and led to generalized metastasis. 8 Although there is some debate about whether CGT is a real entity, 34,35 most pathologists believe in a specific origin and a variety of cell types have been implicated in the histogenesis of the lesion, including myoblasts, 1,36 histiocytes, 37-39 perineurial fibroblasts, 40 and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. [41][42][43] Immunohistochemical studies and, in particular, the expression of S-100 support a neural differentiation, with the Schwann cell as the most likely cell of origin for the tumor.…”

Granular Cell Tumor (Myoblastoma) of the Eyebrow

“…They generally affect pa tients between the ages of 30 and 50 [ 10,15]. In reviewing the ocular adnexal cases of gran ular cell tumors [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], the age of the patients ranged between 8 and 58 years with a mean age of 37 years, and a median of 38 years. No sex predilection was found.…”

“…In most cases of periocular tumors there was no recurrence after excision of the tumor, but in 2 cases [3,15] the tumor recurred, and a second excision was needed. In one of these cases [3] mitotic figures were described histologically.…”

Granular cell tumour in the ciliary body

“…Although GCT is usually benign, 1%–2% of GCTs are malignant. 16 In the periocular region, few cases of malignant GCTs, such as primary orbital tumour, 17 metastatic orbital tumour, 18 primary eyelid tumour 19 and metastatic eyelid tumours, have been reported. 20…”

“…1 Although GCT is usually benign, 1%-2% of GCTs are malignant. 16 In the periocular region, few cases of malignant GCTs, such as primary orbital tumour, 17 metastatic orbital tumour, 18 primary eyelid tumour 19 and metastatic eyelid tumours, have been reported. 20 Although no guidelines for the treatment of GCTs exist, total excision is recommended for orbital GCTs, and proton beam radiation therapy may be appropriate in case of incomplete surgical resection of benign GCT.…”

Oculomotor Disturbances Due to Granular Cell Tumor

“…6,12,[21][22][23]27,30,31 We found only one case of orbital malignant GCT that recurred and led to generalized metastasis. 8 Although there is some debate about whether CGT is a real entity, 34,35 most pathologists believe in a specific origin and a variety of cell types have been implicated in the histogenesis of the lesion, including myoblasts, 1,36 histiocytes, 37-39 perineurial fibroblasts, 40 and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. [41][42][43] Immunohistochemical studies and, in particular, the expression of S-100 support a neural differentiation, with the Schwann cell as the most likely cell of origin for the tumor.…”

Granular Cell Tumor (Myoblastoma) of the Eyebrow

“…They generally affect pa tients between the ages of 30 and 50 [ 10,15]. In reviewing the ocular adnexal cases of gran ular cell tumors [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], the age of the patients ranged between 8 and 58 years with a mean age of 37 years, and a median of 38 years. No sex predilection was found.…”

“…In most cases of periocular tumors there was no recurrence after excision of the tumor, but in 2 cases [3,15] the tumor recurred, and a second excision was needed. In one of these cases [3] mitotic figures were described histologically.…”

Granular cell tumour in the ciliary body

“…Although GCT is usually benign, 1%–2% of GCTs are malignant. 16 In the periocular region, few cases of malignant GCTs, such as primary orbital tumour, 17 metastatic orbital tumour, 18 primary eyelid tumour 19 and metastatic eyelid tumours, have been reported. 20…”

“…1 Although GCT is usually benign, 1%-2% of GCTs are malignant. 16 In the periocular region, few cases of malignant GCTs, such as primary orbital tumour, 17 metastatic orbital tumour, 18 primary eyelid tumour 19 and metastatic eyelid tumours, have been reported. 20 Although no guidelines for the treatment of GCTs exist, total excision is recommended for orbital GCTs, and proton beam radiation therapy may be appropriate in case of incomplete surgical resection of benign GCT.…”

Oculomotor Disturbances Due to Granular Cell Tumor

“…6,12,[21][22][23]27,30,31 We found only one case of orbital malignant GCT that recurred and led to generalized metastasis. 8 Although there is some debate about whether CGT is a real entity, 34,35 most pathologists believe in a specific origin and a variety of cell types have been implicated in the histogenesis of the lesion, including myoblasts, 1,36 histiocytes, 37-39 perineurial fibroblasts, 40 and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. [41][42][43] Immunohistochemical studies and, in particular, the expression of S-100 support a neural differentiation, with the Schwann cell as the most likely cell of origin for the tumor.…”

Granular Cell Tumor (Myoblastoma) of the Eyebrow

“…They generally affect pa tients between the ages of 30 and 50 [ 10,15]. In reviewing the ocular adnexal cases of gran ular cell tumors [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], the age of the patients ranged between 8 and 58 years with a mean age of 37 years, and a median of 38 years. No sex predilection was found.…”

“…In most cases of periocular tumors there was no recurrence after excision of the tumor, but in 2 cases [3,15] the tumor recurred, and a second excision was needed. In one of these cases [3] mitotic figures were described histologically.…”