Grandiose and Vulnerable Narcissism as Predictors of the Tendency to Objectify Other People

Lachowicz‐Tabaczek, Kinga; Lewandowska, Bianka; Kochan-Wójcik, Marta; Andrzejewska, Beata E; Juszkiewicz, Anna

doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00569-3

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Second, we should pay attention to how specific cultural, societal, or ideological features of our societies shape our humanness. Studies of materialism and narcissism (Lachowicz-Tabaczek et al, 2021; Sakalaki et al, 2016), prioritization of money (Ruttan & Lucas, 2018), inequalities (Sainz, Martinez, et al, 2021), and the present research by Wang and colleagues (2022) on tight culture, show that these factors influence our perceptions of others and of ourselves as less than fully human. Similarly, recent research by Baldissarri, Pagliaro and colleagues (2022) also suggests that the job insecurity that characterizes contemporary society can lead people to self-perceive as more object- than humanlike by self-attributing fewer human mental states.…”

Section: Research Agendasupporting

confidence: 52%

Introduction to the Special Issue ofGroup Processes & Intergroup RelationsLess than Human: What People who are Dehumanized Think, Feel, and Do

Baldissarri

Demoulin

Kteily

2022

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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Over recent years, social psychological research has investigated dehumanization (viewing and treating people as less than human) by primarily focusing on those who dehumanize—the perpetrators. Less is known about those who are dehumanized—the targets of dehumanization. This Special Issue aims to address this gap by assembling empirical works on metadehumanization (when targets perceive that they are being dehumanized by others) and self-dehumanization (when targets come to see themselves in dehumanized ways). In this introductory article, we summarize the state of the science and suggest a research agenda for further studying dehumanization from the target’s perspective, by considering: (a) the impact of dehumanizing portrayal used in media; (b) the role of cultural or societal features in shaping our humanness; (c) the individual or situational variables that trigger a dehumanizing versus rehumanizing reaction to dehumanization; (d) the influence of risk- or protective factors on the emerging of metadehumanizing or self-dehumanizing feelings; and (e) the phenomenon of ingroup dehumanization.

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Section: Research Agendasupporting

confidence: 52%

Introduction to the Special Issue ofGroup Processes & Intergroup RelationsLess than Human: What People who are Dehumanized Think, Feel, and Do

Baldissarri

Demoulin

Kteily

2022

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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“…Participants in all studies indicated their gender, age, parenthood and stated their narcissistic tendencies as well as their adherence to gender stereotypes. These measures were included to increase the internal validity of the studies, as research has documented that age, gender, and parenthood increase gender stereotypes (Endendijk et al, 2018; Siyanova‐Chanturia et al, 2015) and that narcissism and adherence to gender stereotypes increase people's propensity to dehumanize women (Gaunt, 2013; Lachowicz‐Tabaczek et al, 2019; Viki & Abrams, 2003). Therefore, all analyses included these variables as covariates.…”

Section: Overview Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The most human bot: Female gendering increases humanness perceptions of bots and acceptance of AI

Borau

Otterbring

Laporte

et al. 2021

Psychology and Marketing

116

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Companies have repeatedly launched Artificial Intelligence (AI) products such as intelligent chatbots and robots with female names, voices, and bodies. Previous research posits that people intuitively favor female over male bots, mainly because female bots are judged as warmer and more likely to experience emotions. We present five online studies, including four preregistered, with a total sample of over 3,000 participants that go beyond this longstanding perception of femininity. Because warmth and experience (but not competence) are seen as fundamental qualities to be a full human but are lacking in machines, we argue that people prefer female bots because they are perceived as more human than male bots. Using implicit, subtle, and blatant scales of humanness, our results consistently show that women (Studies 1A and 1B), female bots (Studies 2 and 3), and female chatbots (Study 4) are perceived as more human than their male counterparts when compared with non‐human entities (animals and machines). Study 4 investigates explicitly the acceptance of gendered algorithms operated by AI chatbots in a health context. We found that the female chatbot is preferred over the male chatbot because it is perceived as more human and more likely to consider our unique needs. These results highlight the ethical quandary faced by AI designers and policymakers: Women are said to be transformed into objects in AI, but injecting women's humanity into AI objects makes these objects seem more human and acceptable.

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“…Some successes may arise through successful manipulation of others to gain opportunity and status. The darker side of NP includes a tendency to objectify (Lachowicz-Tabaczek et al, 2019) or derogate (Park & Colvin, 2015) others, self-centredness (Ronningstam, 2010) and exploitative behavior that may arise in association with impaired empathic ability (Gunderson & Ronningstam, 2001). In pathological cases, difficulties within relationships reflect domineering, vindictive and intrusive behavior (Ogrodniczuk et al, 2009) and the impact on families, friends, colleagues and romantic partners can be profound (Miller et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-serving social strategies: A systematic review of social cognition in narcissism

Eddy

2021

Curr Psychol

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Narcissistic Personality Disorder is characterised by inflated self-importance, an excessive need for admiration, and a lack of empathy. The interpersonal difficulties associated with narcissistic personality may be becoming more widespread given its increasing prevalence within the general population. This systematic review investigated the relationship between narcissistic personality traits and social cognition (i.e. theory of mind; emotion recognition; empathy; emotional intelligence) in clinical and non-clinical samples. Cognitive empathy (i.e. perspective taking) appears unlikely to be impaired, while affective empathy (relating to another’s emotion state) may be reduced in association with narcissism. Those with grandiose narcissism rate their empathic skills more highly than those with vulnerable narcissism, but concurrent administration of objective measures is rare, limiting insight into the validity of self-ratings. Rather than deficits in aspects of social cognition, the overall pattern could reflect motivation, or advantageous use of social cognitive skills to serve the self. Indeed, interpersonal strategies associated with narcissism (e.g. deception; manipulation) suggest the application of understanding another’s beliefs or desires in the context of low empathy. Further research should seek to explore performance on a wider range of emotion recognition and theory of mind tasks, and whether characteristics such as excessive jealousy and paranoia could reflect hyper-mentalizing.

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Grandiose and Vulnerable Narcissism as Predictors of the Tendency to Objectify Other People

Cited by 13 publications

References 72 publications

Introduction to the Special Issue ofGroup Processes & Intergroup RelationsLess than Human: What People who are Dehumanized Think, Feel, and Do

Introduction to the Special Issue ofGroup Processes & Intergroup RelationsLess than Human: What People who are Dehumanized Think, Feel, and Do

The most human bot: Female gendering increases humanness perceptions of bots and acceptance of AI

Self-serving social strategies: A systematic review of social cognition in narcissism

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