Grand Challenges in Social Physics: In Pursuit of Moral Behavior

Capraro, Valerio; Perc, Matjaž

doi:10.3389/fphy.2018.00107

Cited by 152 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…The interest of the physics community was further spurred on by the discovery that scale-free networks provide a unifying framework for the evolution of cooperation [9], and over the past almost two decades, methods of physics have been applied to many contemporary societal challenges [10]. Examples include traffic [11], crime [12], epidemic processes [13], vaccination [14,15], cooperation [16], climate inaction [17], as well as antibiotic overuse [18] and moral behavior [19], to name just some examples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assortativity provides a narrow margin for enhanced cooperation on multilayer networks

et al. 2019

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Research at the interface of statistical physics, evolutionary game theory, and network science has in the past two decades significantly improved our understanding of cooperation in structured populations. We know that networks with broad-scale degree distributions favor the emergence of robust cooperative clusters, and that temporal networks might preclude defectors to exploit cooperators, provided the later can sever their bad ties soon enough. In recent years, however, research has shifted from single and isolated networks to multilayer and interdependent networks. This has revealed new paths to cooperation, but also opened up new questions that remain to be answered. We here study how assortativity in connections between two different network layers affects public cooperation. The connections between the two layers determine to what extent payoffs in one network influence the payoffs in the other network. We show that assortative linking between the layersconnecting hubs of one network with the hubs in the other-does enhance cooperation under adverse conditions, but does so with a relatively modest margin in comparison to random matching or disassortative matching between the two layers. We also confirm previous results, showing that the bias in the payoffs in terms of contributions from different layers can help public cooperation to prevail, and in fact more so than the assortativity between layers. These results are robust to variations in the network structure and average degree, and they can be explained well by the distribution of strategies across the networks and by the suppression of individual success levels that is due to the payoff interdependence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assortativity provides a narrow margin for enhanced cooperation on multilayer networks

et al. 2019

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“…Social networking, banking and healthcare systems are examples of systems that handle such private information [9], and they often overlook privacy due to indirect use of private information. There are other information systems that use massive amounts of sensitive private information (also called big data) for modeling and prediction of human-related phenomena such as crimes [19], epidemics [21] and grand challenges in social physics [8]. Hence, privacy preservation (a.k.a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient privacy preservation of big data for accurate data mining

Chamikara

Bertók

Liu

et al. 2020

Information Sciences

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“…Cooperators are therefore fundamentally challenged by the most basic principles of Darwinian evolution, i.e., why should anyone act selflessly if only the fittest succeed? This puzzle has mobilized an unprecedented spectrum of researchers across disciplines to seek out mechanisms that sustain and/or promote cooperation [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel route to cyclic dominance in voluntary social dilemmas

Guo

Song

Geček

et al. 2020

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Cooperation is the backbone of modern human societies, making it a priority to understand how successful cooperation-sustaining mechanisms operate. Cyclic dominance, a non-transitive set-up comprising at least three strategies wherein the first strategy overrules the second, which overrules the third, which, in turn, overrules the first strategy, is known to maintain biodiversity, drive competition between bacterial strains, and preserve cooperation in social dilemmas. Here, we present a novel route to cyclic dominance in voluntary social dilemmas by adding to the traditional mix of cooperators, defectors and loners, a fourth player type, risk-averse hedgers, who enact tit-for-tat upon paying a hedging cost to avoid being exploited. When this cost is sufficiently small, cooperators, defectors and hedgers enter a loop of cyclic dominance that preserves cooperation even under the most adverse conditions. By contrast, when the hedging cost is large, hedgers disappear, consequently reverting to the traditional interplay of cooperators, defectors, and loners. In the interim region of hedging costs, complex evolutionary dynamics ensues, prompting transitions between states with two, three or four competing strategies. Our results thus reveal that voluntary participation is but one pathway to sustained cooperation via cyclic dominance.

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Grand Challenges in Social Physics: In Pursuit of Moral Behavior

Cited by 152 publications

References 103 publications

Assortativity provides a narrow margin for enhanced cooperation on multilayer networks

Assortativity provides a narrow margin for enhanced cooperation on multilayer networks

Efficient privacy preservation of big data for accurate data mining

A novel route to cyclic dominance in voluntary social dilemmas

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