Gramella oceani sp. nov., a zeaxanthin-producing bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from marine sediment

Abstract

A Gram-staining-negative, yellow-pigmented, strictly aerobic, zeaxanthin-producing, rod-shaped, non-endospore-forming, appendaged bacterial strain that exhibits gliding motility, designated CC-AMSZ-T T , was isolated from marine sediment off coastal Kending, Taiwan. Strain CC-AMSZ-T T shared 94.9 % and 96.7-94.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Gramella echinicola KMM 6050 T and other species of the genus Gramella, respectively, and formed a distinct phyletic lineage in phylogenetic trees. The major (¢5 % of the total) fatty acids were C 16 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 0 , anteiso-C 15 : 0 , C 16 : 1 v6c and/or C 16 : 1 v7c and iso-C 17 : 1 v9c and/or C 16 : 0 10-methyl. Phosphatidylethanolamine, six unidentified lipids and three unidentified aminolipids were the polar lipid components. The DNA G+C content was 38.6 mol%. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 (MK-6). Based on the phylogenetic distinctiveness and distinguishing phenotypic characteristics, strain CC-AMSZ-T T represents a novel species of the genus Gramella, for which the name Gramella oceani sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-AMSZ-T T (5JCM 18809 T 5BCRC 80547 T ).

Gramella sediminilitoris sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat

“…S4; Park et al, 2015b). The DNA G+C content of strain GHTF-27 T was 39.7 mol%, a value in the range reported for members of the genus Gramella (Table 1; Hameed et al, 2014). The results obtained from the chemotaxonomic analyses support the results from the phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, suggesting that strain GHTF-27 T is a member of the genus Gramella (Figs 1, S2, S3 and S4, G.…”

“…1). The clustering of strain GHTF-27 T and the type strains of species of the genus Gramella was also found in the trees reconstructed using the maximum-likelihood and maximum-parsimony algorithms (Figs S2 and S3 The predominant isoprenoid quinone detected in strain GHTF-27 T was menaquinone-6 (MK-6), which is line with those of all other members of the family Flavobacteriaceae (Bernardet, 2011) including species of the genus Gramella (Nedashkovskaya et al, 2005;Hameed et al, 2014;Park et al, 2015a, b). In Table 2, the fatty acid profile of strain GHTF-27 T is compared with those of the type strains of six most phylogenetically closely related species of the genus Gramella.…”

“…Gramella comprises 10 species with validly published names (http://www.bacterio.net/gramella.html; Parte, 2014), and its members have been isolated from marine environments (Nedashkovskaya et al, 2005(Nedashkovskaya et al, , 2010Lau et al, 2005;Cho et al, 2011;Jeong et al, 2013;Hameed et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2014;Shahina et al, 2014;Park et al, 2015a, b). The aim of the present work was to determine the exact taxonomic position of strain GHTF-27 T by using chemotaxonomic and other phenotypic properties, a detailed phylogenetic investigation based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, and DNA-DNA hybridization.…”

Gramella aestuariivivens sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat

“…The predominant isoprenoid quinone detected in strain BG-MY13 T was menaquinone-6 (MK-6), in line with species of the genus Gramella (Nedashkovskaya et al 2005; Hameed et al , 2014) and all other members of the family Flavobacteriaceae (Bernardet, 2011). In , the fatty acid profile of strain BG-MY13 T is compared with those of the type strains of four phylogenetically related species of the genus Gramella , which were grown and analysed under identical conditions in this study.…”

“…The genus Gramella , a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes , was proposed by Nedashkovskaya et al (2005) with the description of a single recognized species, Gramella echinicola , isolated from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius collected from Troitsa Bay, Gulf of Peter the Great, Sea of Japan. Subsequently, seven further species of the genus Gramella with validly published names, Gramella portivictoriae (Lau et al , 2005), Gramella marina (Nedashkovskaya et al , 2010), Gramella gaetbulicola (Cho et al , 2011), Gramella aestuarii (Jeong et al , 2013), Gramella flava (Liu et al , 2014), Gramella oceani (Hameed et al , 2014) and Gramella planctonica (Shahina et al , 2014a, b), have been described. Members of the genus Gramella have been isolated from marine organisms and marine environments (Nedashkovskaya et al , 2005, 2010; Lau et al , 2005; Cho et al , 2011; Jeong et al , 2013; Hameed et al , 2014; Liu et al , 2014).…”