Gram Stain of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in the Early Diagnosis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Allaouchiche, Bernard; Jaumain, H.; Chassard, D.; Boulétreau, P.

doi:10.1097/00132586-200012000-00010

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…If a Gram stain reported bacteria but did not report either quantitative or qualitative findings, then it was considered adequate evidence of potential infection. 20,21 If a patient in the specimen-initiated protocol was already receiving antibiotics for another indication, no changes in the antibiotic regimen were made unless there was some objective evidence of pneumonia. If there was objective evidence, then antibiotics were broadened as indicated.…”

Section: Specimen-initiated Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trial of Antibiotic Restraint in Presumed Pneumonia: A Surgical Infection Society Multicenter Pilot

Guidry

Beyene

Watson

et al. 2022

J Trauma Acute Care Surg

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Section: Specimen-initiated Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trial of Antibiotic Restraint in Presumed Pneumonia: A Surgical Infection Society Multicenter Pilot

Guidry

Beyene

Watson

et al. 2022

J Trauma Acute Care Surg

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“…Geimsa staining may be preferable, as it allows visualization of intracellular organisms, as this has been shown to have a high correlation with true VAP [132]. Gram staining is useful to detect the presence of organisms in a BAL specimen but should not be used to guide antimicrobial therapy, as complete correlation between Gram stain results and final culture results is only 50% [133,134].…”

Section: Quantitative Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Review

Davis

2006

J Intensive Care Med

125

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Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most frequent intensive care unit (ICU)-related infection in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. In contrast to other ICU-related infections, which have a low mortality rate, the mortality rate for ventilator-associated pneumonia ranges from 20% to 50%. These clinically significant infections prolong duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay, underscoring the financial burden these infections impose on the health care system. The causes of ventilator-associated pneumonia are varied and differ across different patient populations and different types of ICUs. This varied presentation underscores the need for the intensivist treating the patient with ventilator-associated pneumonia to have a clear knowledge of the ambient microbiologic flora in their ICU. Prevention of this disease process is of paramount importance and requires a multifaceted approach. Once a diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia is suspected, early broad-spectrum antibiotic administration decreases morbidity and mortality and should be based on knowledge of the sensitivities of common infecting organisms in the ICU. De-escalation of therapy, once final culture results are available, is necessary to minimize development of resistant pathogens. Duration of therapy should be based on the patient's clinical response, and every effort should be made to minimize duration of therapy, thus further minimizing the risk of resistance.

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Gram Stain of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in the Early Diagnosis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Trial of Antibiotic Restraint in Presumed Pneumonia: A Surgical Infection Society Multicenter Pilot

Trial of Antibiotic Restraint in Presumed Pneumonia: A Surgical Infection Society Multicenter Pilot

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Review

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