Pathogenic bacteria can cause significant morbidity and it becomes a critical public healthcare problem. To date, effective identification and killing of bacteria remains a major challenge in bacterial infection. Although numerous materials have been designed for bacteria identification, few materials can discriminate different bacteria effectively. In this work, we designed a new polyarginine chlorophyll derivative (PA7), which can identify different bacteria successfully. PA7 was composed of a cationic hydrophilic chain and a hydrophobic purpurin-18 core and had variable binding capability towards different bacteria based on their surface component and structure. We observed that PA7 molecule preferrentially bound to Gram-positive bacteria (i.e., S. aureus) than to Gram-negative one (i.e., E. coli) through CLSM image. Furthermore, ζ potential experimental results indicated that the binding ability of PA7 to Gram-negative (E. coli) was more susceptible to the ionic strengths. Given the fact that the two kinds of bacteria possess different cell envelope components, we speculated that the binding of PA7 to S. aureus was dominated by electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, and only electrostatic interaction for E.coli. Moreover, the PA7 could be used as a good photoacoustic contrast agent. PA7 could discriminate Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria via photoacoustic imaging in the buffer solution with variable ionic strengths. Effective killing of bacteria was another motivation of the molecular design. PA7 as a potential photosensitizer exhibited much higher photodynamic antibacterial activity to S. aureus.
BriefsA purpurin-peptide derivative was used for discriminating and killing bacteria based on the different surface component of bacteria.