Grain yield, agronomic traits, and protein content of two- and six-row barley genotypes under terminal drought conditions

Abstract

Small grain cereals in lower latitude areas usually mature under terminal drought conditions that affect their agronomic performance. An experiment was conducted to compare agronomic traits, grain yield, and protein content under control and terminal drought conditions of 15 two-row and 10 six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes. The experiment was set up at two locations for two growing seasons (2011, 2012) and two treatments. One treatment was terminal drought (D) simulated by the mechanical removal of all leaf blades 7 d after the heading of each genotype, and a control (C) treatment in which plants were left intact. On average, defoliation caused a greater reduction in grain yield and protein content of the six-row genotypes (37.6% and 12.3%, respectively) than the two-row genotypes (28.8% and 7.1%, respectively). On the other hand, test weight of six-row genotypes showed better tolerance to terminal drought. According to the multivariate function analysis, the genotypes of both types of barley with a high test weight, a longer uppermost internode, and a longer grain filling period had high protein content under terminal drought stress. In contrast to six-row genotypes, it is possible to breed two-row genotypes that not only have high grain yield but also high protein content under both optimal and drought stress conditions.

Sowing Date and Genotype Influence on Yield and Quality of Dual-Purpose Barley in a Salt-Affected Arid Region

“…Such differences were due to genetic variation in used genotypes and their interaction with environmental conditions [18,29]. These results are in accordance with those reported by Royo et al [49]; Kaur et al [52]; Sharma [32]; Hundal et al [33]; Choudhary and Chaplot [51]; Hajighasemi et al [44]; and Kandic et al [35]. They demonstrated significant differences among dual-purpose barley genotypes in respect of forage yield, protein content, and grain yield.…”

“…Another crucial factor is growing site-specific genotypes that are more adapted to the surrounding environment in the context of genotype by management by environment interaction [28][29][30][31]. This was highlighted in previous research that documented different responses of barely genotypes to management practices with respect to their dual-purpose ability in diverse climate conditions [32][33][34][35]. Consequently, it is vital to investigate sowing dates of different cultivars under a dual-purpose system to identify optimal management for producing high forage and grain yields.…”

Breeding progress in grain filling and grain yield components of six-rowed winter barley

“…In cereal crops, grain weight is determined by two major parameters, namely duration and rate of grain filling. As previously reported (Kandić et al, 2018;Dodig et al, 2019), environmental factors had a strong influence on grain weight, grain filling rate and duration in Pannonian cereal crops. Environmental conditions in the Pannonian Plain are characterized by appearance of high temperatures and water deficit after anthesis, resulting in decreased duration of grain filling period and grain weight reduction (Pržulj et al, 2015).…”

Reaction of barley to top-dressing with different types of nitrogen fertilizer

“…Particular attention is paid to parameters such as test weight, 1000grain weight, content of protein and fiber in the grain. Test weight is an important indicator of barley quality because it tightly correlates with proportion of large, plump kernels having endosperm rich in starch and lower protein content [16]. Low test weight reflects poor grain fill and unfavorable field environmental conditions before harvest.…”