Grain-size dependence of the mechanical properties of an age-hardening Fe-1 % Cu-alloy

Hardening mechanisms of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels irradiated at 300°C

“…and this is quite reasonable as it was indicated that the contribution of back stress to the yield process becomes negligible if there are enough obstacles against dislocation movements in a grain [13].…”

Structure-property relationships in steel produced in hot-strip mills

“…The production of high-strength, hot-rolled sheet products to specific le\els and to very tight ranges of mechanical properties requires that rolling and cooling conditions be \aricd from slab to slab as minor changes in steel composition and/or processing temperatures are encountered. (1) where cfqxs assumed to represent the lattice friction for pure iron. This approach makes the implicit assumption that the contributions from the different mechanisms are additive.…”

“…This assumption is useful from a practical point of view, and it is the approach taken in most studies. Experiments in which the strengthening mechanisms were not additive have been reported [1].…”

“…Some equations assume that only the average particle spacing is important. Only Melander [20] (1) they cannot predict overaging (the case where the volume fraction is a maximum and the particle sizes are coarse) and (2) the strengthening from a given/ of NbC is different from that of VN particles (see fig. 19).…”

“…Therefore, a factor was introduced that adds to the predicted UTS in a linear fashion for grain sizes below 3.5 x 10^m m; the difference between the IRSID [3] and modified predictions is zero for a grain size of 3.5 x 10^m m and 50 MPa for a grain size of 2 x 10"^m m. An additional data set supplied by one manufacturer [16] showed quite similar results (fig. 25) From our perspective at NIST, the evaluation of the structure-property equations can be revisited in three areas: (1) The actual chemical compositions for the different grades can be input manually to accurately reflect the solid-solution strengthening in the base strength and the maximum precipitation strengthening. (2) The predicted values of ferrite grain size need to be compared with the measured values when possible.…”