Grain size and permeability evolution of soft-sediment extensional sub-seismic and seismic fault zones in high-porosity sediments from the Crotone basin, southern Apennines, Italy

Balsamo, Fabrizio; Storti, Fabrizio

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.016

Cited by 59 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…It is identical with observations of fault cores in actual faults, particularly in cases of high-porosity rocks such as sandstone (e.g., Aydin (1978); Balsamo & Storti (2010)). …”

Section: Constitutive Equation For Pore-related Pressurizationsupporting

confidence: 85%

Change of Pore Fluid Pressure Versus Frictional Coefficient During Fault Slip

Mitsui¹

2012

Earthquake Research and Analysis - Seismology, Seismotectonic and Earthquake Geology

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“…It is identical with observations of fault cores in actual faults, particularly in cases of high-porosity rocks such as sandstone (e.g., Aydin (1978); Balsamo & Storti (2010)). …”

Section: Constitutive Equation For Pore-related Pressurizationsupporting

confidence: 85%

Change of Pore Fluid Pressure Versus Frictional Coefficient During Fault Slip

Mitsui¹

2012

Earthquake Research and Analysis - Seismology, Seismotectonic and Earthquake Geology

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“…In nature, progressive rock comminution during the evolution of active faults has been observed and constrained at smaller scales [Storti et al, 2007;Sagy et al, 2007;Balsamo and Storti, 2010;Brodsky et al, 2010]. Its relation with stress drop has been experimentally simulated with granular flow models [e.g., Higashi and Sumita, 2009].…”

Section: Implications For Subduction Zone Seismogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic variability of subduction thrust faults: Insights from laboratory models

Corbi¹,

Funiciello²,

Faccenna³

et al. 2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Laboratory models are realized to investigate the role of interface roughness, driving rate, and pressure on friction dynamics. The setup consists of a gelatin block driven at constant velocity over sand paper. The interface roughness is quantified in terms of amplitude and wavelength of protrusions, jointly expressed by a reference roughness parameter obtained by their product. Frictional behavior shows a systematic dependence on system parameters. Both stick slip and stable sliding occur, depending on driving rate and interface roughness. Stress drop and frequency of slip episodes vary directly and inversely, respectively, with the reference roughness parameter, reflecting the fundamental role for the amplitude of protrusions. An increase in pressure tends to favor stick slip. Static friction is a steeply decreasing function of the reference roughness parameter. The velocity strengthening/weakening parameter in the state-and rate-dependent dynamic friction law becomes negative for specific values of the reference roughness parameter which are intermediate with respect to the explored range. Despite the simplifications of the adopted setup, which does not address the problem of off-fault fracturing, a comparison of the experimental results with the depth distribution of seismic energy release along subduction thrust faults leads to the hypothesis that their behavior is primarily controlled by the depth-and time-dependent distribution of protrusions. A rough subduction fault at shallow depths, unable to produce significant seismicity because of low lithostatic pressure, evolves into a moderately rough, velocity-weakening fault at intermediate depths. The magnitude of events in this range is calibrated by the interplay between surface roughness and subduction rate. At larger depths, the roughness further decreases and stable sliding becomes gradually more predominant. Thus, although interplate seismicity is ultimately controlled by tectonic parameters (velocity of the plates/trench and the thermal regime), the direct control is exercised by the resulting frictional properties of the plate interface.

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“…In crystalline rocks, fault cores contain breccias and gouges of strongly reduced permeability along the principal slip plane, whereas fractured rocks of the damage zones form permeable conduits oriented parallel to the fault plane (Caine et al 1996). Fault zones in high-porosity siliciclastic rocks exhibit cataclastic fault cores with permeabilities reduced by up to 2-3 orders of magnitude (Balsamo and Storti 2010). Damage-zone permeability is influenced and governed by deformation-band networks, that display zones of reduced permeability (Rath et al 2011;Storti et al 2003), and fractures that enhance damage-zone permeability (Eichhubl et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeological properties of fault zones in a karstified carbonate aquifer (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria)

2016

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This study presents a comparative, field-based hydrogeological characterization of exhumed, inactive fault zones in low-porosity Triassic dolostones and limestones of the Hochschwab massif, a carbonate unit of high economic importance supplying 60 % of the drinking water of Austria's capital, Vienna. Cataclastic rocks and sheared, strongly cemented breccias form low-permeability (<1 mD) domains along faults. Fractured rocks with fracture densities varying by a factor of 10 and fracture porosities varying by a factor of 3, and dilation breccias with average porosities >3 % and permeabilities >1,000 mD form high-permeability domains. With respect to fault-zone architecture and rock content, which is demonstrated to be different for dolostone and limestone, four types of faults are presented. Faults with single-stranded minor fault cores, faults with single-stranded permeable fault cores, and faults with multiple-stranded fault cores are seen as conduits. Faults with single-stranded impermeable fault cores are seen as conduit-barrier systems. Karstic carbonate dissolution occurs along fault cores in limestones and, to a lesser degree, dolostones and creates superposed highpermeability conduits. On a regional scale, faults of a particular deformation event have to be viewed as forming a network of flow conduits directing recharge more or less rapidly towards the water table and the springs. Sections of impermeable fault cores only very locally have the potential to create barriers.

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Grain size and permeability evolution of soft-sediment extensional sub-seismic and seismic fault zones in high-porosity sediments from the Crotone basin, southern Apennines, Italy

Cited by 59 publications

References 50 publications

Change of Pore Fluid Pressure Versus Frictional Coefficient During Fault Slip

Change of Pore Fluid Pressure Versus Frictional Coefficient During Fault Slip

Seismic variability of subduction thrust faults: Insights from laboratory models

Hydrogeological properties of fault zones in a karstified carbonate aquifer (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria)

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