Grain quality assessment of direct seeded basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) under different irrigation regimes in Indian Punjab

Abstract

Irrigation water, being a scarce resource, requires proper management for good quality aerobic basmati rice production. Field experiments were conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana to evaluate the effect of different irrigation schedules on grain quality of direct seeded basmati rice 'Pusa Basmati 1121'. Ten treatments comprising of conventional puddled transplanting and nine in direct seeding were tested in randomized block design with four replications. Direct seeding treatments comprised of combination of withholding first irrigation for 6, 9 or 12 days after sowing and follow up irrigations at 30, 50 or 70 mm cummulative pan evaporation (CPE). The milling quality characters of rice like brown, milled and head rice recoveries were highest in conventional transplanting (81.4, 70.9 and 52.4 %, respectively) statistically at par with irrigation schedule of withholding first irrigation for 6 days and subsequent irrigations at 30 mm CPE (80.3, 69.9 and 51.1 %,respectively) significantly better than rest of the treatments.The other quality characters like protein content, minimum cooking time, elongation ratio etc. were also significantly affected by different irrigation schedules at 5 % level of significance. The maximum values of protein content (7.26 %) and minimum cooking time (23.5 minutes) were obtained in irrigation schedule of withholding first irrigation for 6 days and subsequent irrigations at 30 mm CPE whereas elongation ratio was maximum in conventional transplanting (1.87). In Indian Punjab, good quality direct seeded basmati rice can be obtained by holding the first irrigation for 6 days and then irrigating at 30 mm CPE with yields comparable to transplanted rice.

Scheduling of Irrigation Based on IW/CPE for Aerobic Rice – A Review

“…There was no irrigation water saving in direct seeded rice as compared to puddled transplanted rice when the crop was irrigated daily. However, the irrigation input to direct seeded rice was lower than that to puddled transplanted rice with respect to irrigation scheduling (Kanwar, 2011). In aerobic rice, direct seeded rice irrigated at -20 kPa soil water tension reduced irrigation input by 30 to 35 percent when compared to puddled rice irrigated at -20 kPa soil water tension with 120 kg N ha -1 (Tan et al, 2013).…”

Evaluation of New Promising Rice Lines Under Water Deficit Conditions Based on Grain Yield, Quality and Stress Tolerance Indices تقييم سلالالات مبشرة من الأرز تحت ظروف نقص المياه على أساس محصول الحبوب وصفات الجودة و دلائل الإجهاد المائي

“…The economic value of rice in the market depends upon its cooking and processing quality, which can be measured in terms of optimum cooking time, water uptake ratio, grain elongation, swelling index (Ekka et al, 2016). Amylose content is an important because it has a marked effect on the cooking, palatability characteristics, softness and stickiness of cooked rice (Kaur et al, 2017).…”