Grain growth in a low-loss cold-rolled motor-lamination steel

Strain-Induced Selective Growth in 1.5% Temper-Rolled Fe∼1%Si

“…15,~c! This observation suggests that~as previously shown by Cheong et al, 2003 in the case of the 10% temper-rolled material! 120, and~e!…”

Recent developments in semiprocessed cold rolled magnetic lamination steel

“…Shimazu and coworkers [9,10] and Cheong et al [13,14] studied the mechanism for this weak Goss texture development. Temper rolling with smooth rolls concentrates strain on the sheet surface.…”

“…The disparity in stored strain across the grains becomes the driving force for grain growth as low strain energy grains consume higher strain energy ones in the lamination anneal. Kestens et al [16] related this stored strain energy to Taylor factors and Cheong et al [14] has shown that the Goss oriented grains have a lower Taylor factor than grains with most other orientations. This gives them a growth advantage, when the recrystallization mechanism is SIBM.…”

Statistically representative three-dimensional microstructures based on orthogonal observation sections

“…To accomplish this, an overlap penalty function was constructed that varied from a cost penalty for points deep within ellipsoids to a cost benefit for points at the edge of their containing ellipsoids. Given a point {i, j, k}, an ellipsoid specified by the semiaxes {a, b, c}, and an ellipsoid position (centroid) {x, y, z}, then an ellipsoid function (E) is specified as follows: [5] The overlap between a given ellipsoid and its neighbors is evaluated in terms of a cost of ␣ (by analogy with energy), an overlap encouragement factor (), a zero penalty ( ), and the ellipsoid function already defined, as follows: [6] In these simulations, ϭ 1.0, ϭ 0.95, and the cost is equal to zero when E ϭ and equal to Ϫ when E ϭ 1. As run in these simulations, ␣ varies quadratically from a cost penalty of almost Ϫ10 at an E of zero to a cost benefit of ϩ1 at an E of 1.…”